Saliva as the Sole Nutritional Source in the Development of Multispecies Communities in Dental Plaque
Saliva as the Sole Nutritional Source in the Development of Multispecies Communities in Dental Plaque
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DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.mbp-0013-2014
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Jakubovics, Nicholas S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jakubovics, Nicholas S.
牙菌斑是在牙齿表面形成的一种多微生物生物膜，如果控制不当，可导致龋齿或牙周炎。营养物质的可用性是牙菌斑形成的基本限制因素，也是牙菌斑产生酸和侵蚀牙釉质的能力的限制因素。营养物质的可用性对于细菌在龈下生物膜中生长和引发牙周炎也是至关重要的。在牙菌斑形成的早期阶段，微生物通过分解复杂的唾液基质（如粘蛋白和其他糖蛋白）来获取营养。一旦牙菌斑成熟，饮食中的碳水化合物对龈上牙菌斑变得更加重要，而龈沟液则是龈下微生物的主要营养来源。当唾液是唯一的营养来源时，许多种类的口腔细菌不能在实验室的单一培养中生长，现在很清楚，微生物间的相互作用对牙菌斑的形成至关重要。本章的目的是概述一些特征明确的口腔细菌的关键代谢需求，以及促进多物种群落生长和支持牙菌斑对龋齿和牙周炎致病性的营养网。
Dental plaque is a polymicrobial biofilm that forms on the surfaces of teeth and, if inadequately controlled, can lead to dental caries or periodontitis. Nutrient availability is the fundamental limiting factor for the formation of dental plaque, and for its ability to generate acid and erode dental enamel. Nutrient availability is also critical for bacteria to grow in subgingival biofilms and to initiate periodontitis. Over the early stages of dental plaque formation, micro-organisms acquire nutrients by breaking down complex salivary substrates such as mucins and other glycoproteins. Once dental plaque matures, dietary carbohydrates become more important for supragingival dental plaque, and gingival crevicular fluid forms the major nutrient source for subgingival microorganisms. Many species of oral bacteria do not grow in laboratory monocultures when saliva is the sole nutrient source, and it is now clear that intermicrobial interactions are critical for the development of dental plaque. This chapter aims to provide an overview of the key metabolic requirements of some well-characterized oral bacteria, and the nutrient webs that promote the growth of multispecies communities and underpin the pathogenicity of dental plaque for both dental caries and periodontitis.