Stretchable multichannel antennas in soft wireless optoelectronic implants for optogenetics
Stretchable multichannel antennas in soft wireless optoelectronic implants for optogenetics
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1611769113
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发表时间：
2016-12-13
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Rogers, John A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Park, Sung Il;Shin, Gunchul;Rogers, John A.
通过靶向表达和激活光敏蛋白来调节细胞和信号通路的光遗传学方法大大加速了绘制复杂神经回路并定义其在生理和病理背景中的作用的过程。最近展示的基于可注射的微尺度无机发光二极管（mu-ILED）的技术具有无线控制和功率输送策略，通过消除与传统光纤方法相关联的外部系绳，在此类实验中提供了重要功能。然而，现有的无线多路复用实施例允许仅在大脑的单个目标区域处利用单个光波长并且在由射频功率传输硬件约束的空间操作范围上进行照明。在这里，我们报告可拉伸，多谐振天线和无电池方案的多通道无线操作的独立可寻址的，可植入的，小型化的平台，ILEDs。这一进展，通过在体外和体内的研究表明，使用薄，机械软系统，分别控制多达三个不同的mu-ILED，依赖于专门设计的可拉伸天线，其中并联电容耦合电路产生几个独立的，分离良好的工作频率，通过实验和建模结果验证。当与主动运动跟踪天线阵列结合使用时，这些设备可以在低水平的射频功率（< 1 W）下对大面积动物群体的复杂行为反应进行多通道光遗传学研究。对涉及睡眠唤醒（蓝斑）和偏好/厌恶（核）的大脑区域的研究表明了这些技术的独特能力。
Optogenetic methods to modulate cells and signaling pathways via targeted expression and activation of light-sensitive proteins have greatly accelerated the process of mapping complex neural circuits and defining their roles in physiological and pathological contexts. Recently demonstrated technologies based on injectable, microscale inorganic light-emitting diodes (mu-ILEDs) with wireless control and power delivery strategies offer important functionality in such experiments, by eliminating the external tethers associated with traditional fiber optic approaches. Existing wireless mu-ILED embodiments allow, however, illumination only at a single targeted region of the brain with a single optical wavelength and over spatial ranges of operation that are constrained by the radio frequency power transmission hardware. Here we report stretchable, multiresonance antennas and battery-free schemes for multichannel wireless operation of independently addressable, multicolor mu-ILEDs with fully implantable, miniaturized platforms. This advance, as demonstrated through in vitro and in vivo studies using thin, mechanically soft systems that separately control as many as three different mu-ILEDs, relies on specially designed stretchable antennas in which parallel capacitive coupling circuits yield several independent, well-separated operating frequencies, as verified through experimental and modeling results. When used in combination with active motion-tracking antenna arrays, these devices enable multichannel optogenetic research on complex behavioral responses in groups of animals over large areas at low levels of radio frequency power (< 1 W). Studies of the regions of the brain that are involved in sleep arousal (locus coeruleus) and preference/aversion (nucleus accumbens) demonstrate the unique capabilities of these technologies.