A defense of cognitive penetration and the face-race lightness illusion1
A defense of cognitive penetration and the face-race lightness illusion1
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对认知渗透和面部种族轻盈错觉的辩护1
DOI：
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Katelyn Finley
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Katelyn Finley
摘要：认知渗透论认为，认知状态和过程，特别是命题态度（如信念）有时会直接影响知觉体验的特征（如物体的颜色）。相比之下，更为传统的观点认为，命题态度不会直接影响知觉体验，而只是参与对这些体验的解释或判断。可以理解的是，认知渗透论是有争议的，并在理论和实证方面都受到了批评。我着重从实证方面的反对意见来为其辩护，在此过程中，强调认知渗透机制及其影响的重要特征。我首先勾勒出认知渗透有前景的标准，然后解决关于其所声称的实例中普遍存在的可重复性和论证方面的担忧。接下来，我介绍一项最有说服力的认知渗透研究，并针对该研究以及其他研究回应具体的反对意见。我表明，这些反对意见中的每一个都误解了认知渗透机制的重要特征，或者误解了它们所应用的具体研究。最终，我得出结论：多项关键研究并未被这些反对意见所削弱，并继续为认知渗透提供支持。纠正这些误解增强了对认知渗透的实证支持，并有助于更好地理解知觉加工所涉及的机制。
ABSTRACT Cognitive Penetration holds that cognitive states and processes, specifically propositional attitudes (e.g., beliefs), sometimes directly impact features of perceptual experiences (e.g., the coloring of an object). In contrast, more traditional views hold that propositional attitudes do not directly impact perceptual experiences, but rather are only involved in interpreting or judging these experiences. Understandably, Cognitive Penetration is controversial and has been criticized on both theoretical and empirical grounds. I focus on defending it from the latter kind of objection and in doing so, highlight important features of Cognitive Penetration mechanisms and effects. I first sketch promising criteria for Cognitive Penetration and then address widespread Replication and Demonstration worries about purported instances of it. Next, I present one of the most compelling Cognitive Penetration studies and address specific objections against it and others. I demonstrate that each of these objections misunderstands important features of either Cognitive Penetration mechanisms or the specific studies to which they are applied. Ultimately, I conclude that multiple key studies are not undermined by these objections and continue to provide support for Cognitive Penetration. Correcting these misunderstandings bolsters empirical support for Cognitive Penetration and contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in perceptual processing.