Physician attitudes and practices regarding universal infant vaccination against hepatitis B infection in Minnesota: implications for public health policy.
Physician attitudes and practices regarding universal infant vaccination against hepatitis B infection in Minnesota: implications for public health policy.
复制标题
明尼苏达州医生对普遍婴儿乙型肝炎感染疫苗接种的态度和做法：对公共卫生政策的影响。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. L. MacDonald
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. R. Loewenson;K. White;M. Osterholm;K. L. MacDonald
在免疫实践咨询委员会建议公布后约1年，对明尼苏达州医生对婴儿普遍接种B型肝炎病毒感染疫苗的态度和做法进行了评估。明尼苏达州的418名家庭医生和儿科医生被发送了自填问卷，并通过电话进行随访。在为婴儿提供护理的医生中，234名家庭医生中的67名（29%）和58名儿科医生中的29名（50%）常规为所有婴儿提供B型肝炎疫苗（总体为33%）（P = 0.002）。免疫实践咨询委员会、美国儿科学会和美国家庭医生学会的建议对医生关于常规B型肝炎疫苗接种的意见产生了最大的积极影响。对他们的意见产生最大负面影响的因素是明尼苏达州B型肝炎病毒感染的低流行率和在目前的儿童免疫接种计划中增加了三次注射。普及婴儿B型肝炎疫苗接种在明尼苏达州的家庭医生和儿科医生中仍然存在争议。我们认为，鉴于美国B型肝炎病毒发病率和流行率的可变性以及大多数婴儿的相对低风险，仅基于普及婴儿免疫接种的单一国家政策可能难以实施。
Physician attitudes and practices regarding universal infant vaccination against hepatitis B virus infection in Minnesota were assessed approximately 1 year after publication of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee recommendations. Four-hundred eighteen Minnesota family physicians and pediatricians were sent self-administered questionnaires, with follow-up by telephone. Among physicians who provide care to infants, 67 (29%) of 234 family physicians and 29 (50%) of 58 pediatricians routinely offered hepatitis B vaccine to all infants (overall 33%) (P = 0.002). The recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American Academy of Family Physicians had the greatest positive influence on physicians' opinions regarding routine hepatitis B vaccination. The factors with the greatest negative influence on their opinions were the low prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in Minnesota and the addition of three injections to the current childhood immunization schedule. Universal infant hepatitis B vaccination remains controversial among Minnesota family physicians and pediatricians. We believe, given the variability in hepatitis B virus incidence and prevalence in the United States and the relatively low risk of most infants, that a single national policy based solely on universal infant immunization may be difficult to implement.