Curvilinear relationship between phonological working memory load and social-emotional modulation.
Curvilinear relationship between phonological working memory load and social-emotional modulation.
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DOI：
10.1080/02699931.2012.712948
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Stein MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mano QR;Brown GG;Bolden K;Aupperle R;Sullivan S;Paulus MP;Stein MB
越来越多的证据表明，工作记忆负荷是影响认知加工和面孔情感加工相互作用的重要因素。然而，目前还不清楚如何分心造成的感知的面孔相互作用与负载相关的性能。我们开发了一个修改后的版本的延迟匹配到样本的任务，其中任务无关的面部干扰呈现在排练的pseudoword的记忆，逐渐变化的负载大小（1音节，2音节，或3音节）。面部分心显示高兴，悲伤，或中性的表情在实验1（N=60）和高兴，恐惧，或中性的表情在实验2（N=29）。面部干扰显着中断任务的性能在中等负荷条件下（2音节），但不是在低或高负荷条件下（1-和3-音节，分别），在实验2中复制和推广的相互作用。所有的面部分心干扰工作记忆中的中间负荷条件下，不论效价，这表明由面孔引起的分心的主要和一般的影响。然而，悲伤和恐惧的面孔往往比快乐的面孔更不具有破坏性，这表明了一种次要的和特定的效价效应。工作记忆似乎是最容易受到社会情绪信息在中等负荷。在低负荷下，备用容量能够容纳组合负荷（1-音节加面部干扰），而高负荷最大化容量和剥夺面部刺激占用工作记忆插槽，造成中断。
Accumulating evidence suggests that working memory load is an important factor for the interplay between cognitive and facial-affective processing. However, it is unclear how distraction caused by perception of faces interacts with load-related performance. We developed a modified version of the delayed match-to-sample task wherein task-irrelevant facial distracters were presented early in the rehearsal of pseudoword memoranda that varied incrementally in load size (1-syllable, 2-syllables, or 3-syllables). Facial distracters displayed happy, sad, or neutral expressions in Experiment 1 (N=60) and happy, fearful, or neutral expressions in Experiment 2 (N=29). Facial distracters significantly disrupted task performance in the intermediate load condition (2-syllable) but not in the low or high load conditions (1- and 3-syllables, respectively), an interaction replicated and generalised in Experiment 2. All facial distracters disrupted working memory in the intermediate load condition irrespective of valence, suggesting a primary and general effect of distraction caused by faces. However, sad and fearful faces tended to be less disruptive than happy faces, suggesting a secondary and specific valence effect. Working memory appears to be most vulnerable to social-emotional information at intermediate loads. At low loads, spare capacity is capable of accommodating the combinatorial load (1-syllable plus facial distracter), whereas high loads maximised capacity and deprived facial stimuli from occupying working memory slots to cause disruption.