Alcohol in Mayan Guatemala: consumption, distribution, production and composition of cuxa
Alcohol in Mayan Guatemala: consumption, distribution, production and composition of cuxa
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2009.02507.x
复制
发表时间：
2009-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Rehm, Juergen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kanteres, Fotis;Lachenmeier, Dirk W.;Rehm, Juergen
目的描述危地马拉玛雅高原城市纳瓦拉的酒精，包括cuxa（发音为“coo sha”）的消费、分配、生产和化学成分。Cuxa是一种甘蔗衍生的烈酒，部分秘密生产，已在社区分发了几十年。方法主要知情人采访酒精经销商和消费者，cuxa生产商和卫生专业人员，以及从47名配偶谁来到当地卫生中心的问题，他们的丈夫的饮酒的样本的问卷调查分析。对纳瓦拉头城及其附近定居点（10公里半径）13个已查明销售点中的12个进行了库萨的取样和化学分析。实地工作于2007年11月至2008年3月进行。结果酒精消费被发现在这个社区的文化整合。整体饮酒文化的特点是不规律的大量饮酒场合，尤其是在集市期间，存在严重的醉酒和健康问题，尤其是在街头饮酒者中。Cuxa促成了这些问题，cuxa饮酒被社会污名化。Cuxa既有秘密生产，也有工业生产，酒馆合法销售，秘密经销商非法销售。样品的酒精浓度通常在17和19%vol之间;秘密生产的Cuxa样品显示有乙醛污染。结论应采取措施，以减少与酒精在这个社区，包括努力降低乙醛水平库萨相关的危害。
Aims To describe the consumption, distribution, production and chemical composition of alcohol, including cuxa (pronounced 'coo sha'), in Nahuala, a highland Mayan municipality in Guatemala. Cuxa is a sugarcane-derived spirit, in part produced clandestinely, that has been distributed in the community for several decades. Methods Key informant interviews with alcohol distributors and consumers, cuxa producers and health professionals, as well as analyses of questionnaires from a sample of 47 spouses who came to the local health centre for problems related to their husband's drinking. Sampling and chemical analysis of cuxa from 12 of 13 identified sales points in the head-town of Nahuala and its nearby settlements ( 10 km radius). Fieldwork was conducted between November 2007 and March 2008. Results Alcohol consumption was found to be integrated culturally in this community. The overall drinking culture was marked by irregular heavy drinking occasions, especially around market days, with substantial inebriation and health problems, especially among street inhabiting drinkers. Cuxa contributed to these problems, and cuxa drinking was socially stigmatized. Cuxa was produced both clandestinely and industrially, and sold legally by taverns and illegally by clandestine distributors. The alcoholic strength of the samples was typically between 17 and 19% vol.; clandestinely produced cuxa samples showed acetaldehyde contamination. Conclusions Measures should be taken to reduce the harm associated with alcohol in this community, including efforts to reduce acetaldehyde levels in cuxa.