Vulvo-vaginal cancers: Risks, evaluation, prevention and early detection
Vulvo-vaginal cancers: Risks, evaluation, prevention and early detection
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ogc.2007.10.003
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Flowers, Lisa C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duong, Thinh H.;Flowers, Lisa C.
外阴癌和阴道癌很少见，约占女性生殖道癌的7%。外阴和阴道肿瘤具有相似的危险因素：人类乳头瘤病毒感染、既往宫颈上皮内瘤变或宫颈癌、当前吸烟、性因素和免疫抑制。对于组织学高度恶性的外阴或阴道肿瘤患者，有几种治疗方案可供选择，包括切除、激光汽化和5-氟尿嘧啶。治疗后，建议进行细胞学和阴道镜的终生随访。随着人类乳头瘤病毒疫苗的广泛使用，一半到三分之二的外阴癌和阴道癌可能会得到预防。对患者进行有关减少进展的危险因素的教育和密切监测高危个体，可能会防止进展为侵袭性疾病。
Vulvar and vaginal cancers are rare and account for approximately 7% of cancers of the female reproductive tract. Vulvar and vaginal neoplasia share similar risk factors: human papillomavirus infection, previous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer, current smoking, sexual factors, and immunosuppression. Several treatment options are available for patients with documented histologic high-grade intraepithelial vulvar or vaginal neoplasia, including excision, laser vaporization, and 5-fluorouracil. After treatment, lifetime follow-up with cytology and colposcopy is recommended. With the widespread use of the human papillomavirus vaccine, one half to two thirds of vulvar and vaginal cancers may be prevented. Patient education regarding reduction of risk factors for progression and close surveillance of at-risk individuals may prevent the progression to invasive disease.