Kinetics of non-rapid eye movement delta production across sleep and waking in young and elderly normal subjects: Theoretical implications
Kinetics of non-rapid eye movement delta production across sleep and waking in young and elderly normal subjects: Theoretical implications
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/sleep/26.2.192
复制
发表时间：
2003-03-15
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Campbell, IG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Feinberg, I;Campbell, IG
研究目的：对日间小睡和基线睡眠期间非快速眼动（NREM）δ功率产生的绝对和标准化速率的变化进行受试者内分析，特别是确定这些速率是线性变化还是指数变化。设计：受试者在筛选睡眠障碍后进行为期2天的研究，第一个晚上是基线睡眠记录，第二天在以下时间之一小睡：900，1200，1500，1800，午睡顺序在受试者之间变化。然后记录睡眠在午睡后的夜晚与基线就寝时间表，受试者完成所有4个午睡条件。每个主题睡在一个单独的bedroom.Interventions：Not applicable.Participants：主题是年轻的正常（YNs，平均年龄22.4岁）和老年人正常（ENs，平均年龄71.4岁）adultes. Measures和结果：脑电图连续记录在基线，午睡，午睡后睡眠。进行快速傅立叶变换和周期振幅分析以及视觉评分。EN受试者的Delta功率/min和周期振幅积分振幅/min显著低于YN受试者，两个测量值在两个年龄组的NREM期间呈线性下降，在午睡期间呈线性增加，绝对功率和积分振幅的线性斜率在老年人中显著平坦，然而，当标准化为每个个体受试者的基线Delta产生率时，EN的斜率与YN的斜率非常接近。结论：跨NREM时段和日间小睡的δ的线性变化的观察与双过程模型的指数假设相矛盾。归一化斜率的相似性表明，在YN和EN中，清醒和睡眠在NREM δ中产生相同比例的变化，这就提出了这样一种可能性，即尽管绝对三角洲产生的速率不同，但两组动物的稳态驱动力是相似的。这里的数据，与其他发现相关联，使我们假设NREM δ是特别的自我平衡的神经系统，意识的基础。
Study Objectives: To perform a within-subject analysis of the changes in absolute and normalized rates of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) delta power production across daytime naps and baseline sleep, specifically to determine whether these rates change linearly or exponentially.Design: Subjects were studied in a 2-day protocol after screening for sleep disorders, The first night was a baseline sleep recording that was followed by a nap the next day at one of the following times: 900, 1200 1500, 1800 with the nap order varied between subjects. Sleep was then recorded on the postnap night with the baseline bedtime schedule, Subjects completed all 4 nap conditions.Setting: A 4-bed sleep research laboratory. Each subject slept in a separate bedroom.Interventions: Not applicable.Participants: Subjects were young normal (YNs, mean age 22.4 yrs) and elderly normal (ENs, mean age 71.4 yrs) adults.Measurements and Results: Electroencephalography was recorded continuously during baseline, nap, and postnap sleep. Fast Fourier transform and period-amplitude analysis and visual scoring were performed. Delta power/min and period-amplitude integrated amplitude/min were significantly lower in EN than YN subjects, Both measures declined linearly across NREM periods and increased linearly across naps in the two age groups, The linear slopes for absolute power and integrated amplitude were significantly flatter in the elderly, However, when normalized to each individual subject's baseline rate of delta production, the slopes of the ENs closely approximated those of the YNs.Conclusions: The observation of linear changes in delta across NREM periods and daytime naps contradicts the exponential assumptions of the two-process model, The similarity of the normalized slopes shows that waking and sleep exert the same proportionate change in NREM delta in YNs and ENs, This raises the possibility that homeostatic drive is similar in the two groups despite different rates of absolute delta production. The data here, taken in association with other findings, lead us to hypothesize that NREM delta is specifically homeostatic for the neuronal systems that underlie consciousness.