Myths, beliefs and perceptions about mental disorders and health-seeking behavior in Delhi, India.
Myths, beliefs and perceptions about mental disorders and health-seeking behavior in Delhi, India.
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DOI：
10.4103/0019-5545.91906
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发表时间：
2011-10-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Bantman, Patrick
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kishore, Jugal;Gupta, Avni;Bantman, Patrick
目的：为了评估神话，信仰和观念的精神疾病和寻求健康的行为在一般人群和医疗专业人员的India.MATERIALS和METHODS：一个横断面研究进行了一个样本的436个科目（360科目从城市和农村社区的德里和76个医疗专业人员在不同的组织在德里工作）。一个预先测试的问卷，包括项目的看法，神话，和信仰的原因，治疗和寻求健康的行为，精神障碍。使用计算机软件包Epi-info对收集的数据进行统计分析。应用适当的显著性检验来检测任何显著的关联。精神障碍被认为是因为精液或阴道分泌物的损失（农村33.9%，城市8.6%，专业人员1.3%），性欲较低（农村23.7%，城市18%），过度手淫（15.3%农村，9.8%城市），上帝对他们过去的罪的惩罚（农村39.6%，城市20.7%，专业人员5.2%）和空气污染（农村51.5%，城市11.5%，专业人员5.2%）。生活在联合家庭中的人（37.7%）比生活在核心家庭中的人（26.5%）更多地认为悲伤和不快乐会导致精神障碍。34.8%的农村被试和18%的城市被试认为儿童没有精神障碍，即有成人取向的精神障碍概念。40.2%的农村居民、33.3%的城市居民和7.9%的专业人员认为精神疾病无法治愈。许多人认为精神科医生是古怪的（46.1%的农村，8.4%的城市，7.9%的专业人士），往往什么都不知道，什么都不做（21.5%的农村，13.7%的城市，3.9%的专业人士），而74.4%的农村受试者，37.1%的城市受试者，17.6%的专业人士不知道精神病学是医学的一个分支。农村地区比城市地区更多的人认为保持禁食或信仰治疗师可以治愈他们的精神疾病，而11.8%的医疗专业人员认为相同。大多数人报告说，当他们悲伤和焦虑时，他们喜欢去亲近的人那里倾听他们的问题。只有15.6%的城市居民和34.4%的农村居民表示当自己或家人患有精神疾病时愿意去看精神科医生。从这项研究可以得出结论，神话和误解在农村地区比在城市地区和医疗专业人员中更普遍，需要与人们进行沟通，以改变他们的行为，并培养对精神障碍的积极态度，从而改善寻求健康的行为。
OBJECTIVES: To assess the myths, beliefs and perceptions about mental disorders and health-seeking behavior in general population and medical professionals of India.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 436 subjects (360 subjects from urban and rural communities of Delhi and 76 medical professionals working in different organizations in Delhi). A pre-tested questionnaire consisting items on perceptions, myths, and beliefs about causes, treatment, and health-seeking behavior for mental disorders was used. The collected data were statistically analyzed using computer software package Epi-info. Appropriate tests of significance were applied to detect any significant association.RESULTS: The mental disorders were thought to be because of loss of semen or vaginal secretion (33.9% rural, 8.6% urban, 1.3% professionals), less sexual desire (23.7% rural, 18% urban), excessive masturbation (15.3% rural, 9.8% urban), God's punishment for their past sins (39.6% rural, 20.7% urban, 5.2% professionals), and polluted air (51.5% rural, 11.5% urban, 5.2% professionals). More people (37.7%) living in joint families than in nuclear families (26.5%) believed that sadness and unhappiness cause mental disorders. 34.8% of the rural subjects and 18% of the urban subjects believed that children do not get mental disorders, which means they have conception of adult-oriented mental disorders. 40.2% in rural areas, 33.3% in urban areas, and 7.9% professionals believed that mental illnesses are untreatable. Many believed that psychiatrists are eccentric (46.1% rural, 8.4% urban, 7.9% professionals), tend to know nothing, and do nothing (21.5% rural, 13.7% urban, 3.9% professionals), while 74.4% of rural subjects, 37.1% of urban subjects, and 17.6% professionals did not know that psychiatry is a branch of medicine. More people in rural areas than in urban area thought that keeping fasting or a faith healer can cure them from mental illnesses, whereas 11.8% of medical professionals believed the same. Most of the people reported that they liked to go to someone close who could listen to their problems, when they were sad and anxious. Only 15.6% of urban and 34.4% of the rural population reported that they would like to go to a psychiatrist when they or their family members are suffering from mental illness.CONCLUSION: It can be concluded from this study that the myths and misconceptions are significantly more prevalent in rural areas than in urban areas and among medical professionals, and the people need to be communicated to change their behavior and develop a positive attitude toward mental disorders so that health-seeking behavior can improve.