Demography of the vegetable ivory palm Phytelephas seemannii in Colombia, and the impact of seed harvesting
Demography of the vegetable ivory palm Phytelephas seemannii in Colombia, and the impact of seed harvesting
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2664.1998.00280.x
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发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Bernal, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernal, R
1. 对哥伦比亚太平洋沿岸的菜用象牙棕榈Phytelephas seemannii 进行了人口统计学研究，并使用基于雌性的矩阵模型来确定可从种群中可持续收获的种子比例。2．棕榈林密度为 240 至 420 棵成年棕榈 ha(-1)。性别比例为1:1，两性棕榈叶的产叶率相同。幼苗平均每年产生1.2片叶子，幼苗平均每年产生1.8片叶子，成虫每年产生6.1--7.4.3片叶子。成年雌性的叶子比雄性少（平均 18.5 对 21.3）。雌性的叶片在冠部的寿命约为2.7年，雄性的叶片在冠部的寿命约为3.2年。4．茎在地面上爬行，在顶端生长，通常在后面枯死，现存的部分并不总是反映棕榈树的总年龄。研究地块中雌性棕榈树的最长茎为 2.5 m，相当于“现存”年龄 85 岁；记录的最长茎是雄性（地块外）的茎，长 10.5 米，相当于“现存”年龄 184 岁。这些数字反映了生长习惯的差异，而不是寿命的差异。5。繁殖开始于大约24年，当时棕榈树还缺乏地上茎。6。种群增长率λ为1.059，对幼鱼和成鱼的生存变化最敏感，对繁殖力和生长的变化相对不敏感。7．河道迁移是成人死亡的最重要原因。 Phytelephas seemannii 显然是河流森林演替后期阶段林下植物的高效定殖者。8．在 lambda 下降到 1.00 的平衡水平之前，群体认为可以容忍所有种子的 86% 的收获强度。需要对密集采伐下的种群进行监测。
1. The demography of the vegetable ivory palm Phytelephas seemannii was studied on the Pacific coast of Colombia and a female-based matrix model was used to determine the proportion of seed that can be sustainably harvested from the population.2. The density of the palm stands ranged from 240 to 420 adult palms ha(-1). The sex ratio was 1:1 and palms of both sexes produced leaves at the same rate. Seedlings produced 1.2 leaves per year on average, juveniles 1.8, and adults 6.1--7.4.3. Adult females had fewer leaves than males (18.5 vs. 21.3 on average). Leaves of females lasted about 2.7 years in the crown, those of males about 3.2 years.4. Stems creep on the ground, growing at the apex and often dying behind, the extant portion not always reflecting the palm's total age. The longest stem of a female palm in the study plots was 2.5 m, corresponding to an 'extant' age of 85 years; the longest stem recorded was that of a male (outside the plots) 10.5 m In long, corresponding to an 'extant' age of 184 years. These figures reflect differences in growth habit, not in longevity.5. Reproduction began at about 24 years, when the palm still lacked an above-ground stem.6. The population growth rate lambda was 1.059, and was most sensitive to changes in survival of juveniles and adults, and relatively insensitive to changes in fecundity and growth.7. River channel migration is the most important cause of adult mortality. Phytelephas seemannii is apparently an efficient colonizer of the understorey in the late phases of riverine forest succession.8. The population call tolerate a harvest intensity of 86% of all seeds before lambda decreases to the equilibrium level of 1.00. Monitoring of the populations under intensive harvesting is required.