Behavioral aspects of sleep in bottlenose dolphin mothers and their calves
Behavioral aspects of sleep in bottlenose dolphin mothers and their calves
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.064
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发表时间：
2007-11-23
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Siegel, Jerome
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lyamin, Oleg;Pryaslova, Julia;Siegel, Jerome
成年海豚能够睁着一只眼睛睡觉，并且一次在一个半球的脑电(EEG)中表现出慢波活动。本研究的目的是研究宽吻海豚幼崽及其母亲的产后睡眠行为。对三对海豚母子从出生到产后13个月的行为进行了监测。产后至少2个月，海豚妈妈和幼海豚在水面上完全消失，平均97-100%的观察时间是以梯队的形式游动。在产后2到8周之间，小牛比它们的母亲更频繁地浮出水面呼吸。在产后第一个月，两只海豚妈妈浮出水面时，平均有93%和98%的时间是双眼睁开的，而在它们的幼崽中，分别有90%和60%的情况下是双眼睁开的。在小牛中，指向母亲的眼睛睁得更频繁(在所有观察中，小牛1和小牛2的平均开眼率分别为95%和99%)，而眼睛指向相反的一侧(小牛1和小牛2的眼睛分别为82%和60%)。我们的数据表明，海豚的母亲和幼崽在幼崽生命的最初阶段非常活跃和警惕，在清醒和睡眠期间不断地用眼睛监测它们相对于彼此的位置。我们假设，此时脑电慢波活动的发作可能是短暂的，将脑电定义的睡眠分割成短发作。(C)2007 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Adult dolphins are capable of sleeping with one eye open and exhibiting slow wave activity in the electroencephalogram (EEG) of one hemisphere at a time. The aim of this study was to examine the postpartum sleep behavior of bottlenose dolphin calves and their mothers. The behavior of three dolphin mother-calf pairs was monitored from birth to 13 months postpartum. Dolphin mothers and their calves exhibited a complete disappearance of rest at the surface for a minimum of 2 months postpartum, swimming in echelon formation on average in 97-100% of the observation time. Calves surfaced to breathe more often than their mothers between the postpartum age of 2 and 8 weeks. During the first postpartum month two dolphin mothers surfaced with both eyes open on average in 93 and 98% of the time while in their calves both eyes were open in 90 and 60% of the cases. In calves, the eye directed toward the mother was open more often (on average in 95% of all observations in calf 1 and 99% in calf 2) than the eye directed to the opposite side (82% in calf 1 and 60% in calf 2). Our data indicate that dolphin mothers and calves are highly active and vigilant during the initial period of the calf's life, continuously monitoring their position relative to each other by sight during wakefulness and sleep. We hypothesize that episodes of EEG slow wave activity at this time are likely to be brief, fragmenting EEG defined sleep into short episodes. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.