Immunization Monitoring Program, Active: a model of active surveillance of vaccine safety.
Immunization Monitoring Program, Active: a model of active surveillance of vaccine safety.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1045-1870(03)00036-0
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Halperin, Scott A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Scheifele, David W;Halperin, Scott A
在加拿大，自 1993 年以来，国家报告免疫后不良事件的被动系统得到了 10 至 12 个儿科转诊中心对住院患者的主动监测的补充，该系统被称为主动免疫监测计划。参与中心遍布全国各地，并接受来自每个省和地区的转介。大约 20% 的 0 至 12 岁人口居住在这些中心附近。每个中心的护士监督员都会寻找许多目标状况，包括免疫后不良事件和疫苗可预防的感染。疫苗安全性观察结果包括：(1) 自该国从全细胞疫苗转向含无细胞百日咳疫苗以来，发生热性惊厥和低张低反应性发作的风险大幅降低，(2) 没有证据表明后一种疫苗会导致脑病，(3) 免疫后血小板减少症病例的结局总体良性，以及 (4) 原住民婴儿中播散性卡介苗感染率出乎意料地高。伴随疾病监测对于维持监测系统非常重要，因为很少有免疫后不良事件需要住院。
In Canada since 1993 the nation's passive system for reporting postimmunization adverse events has been supplemented by the active surveillance of inpatients at 10 to 12 pediatric referral centers, a system referred to as the Immunization Monitoring Program, Active. Participating centers are located from coast-to-coast and receive referrals from every province and territory. Approximately 20 percent of the population aged 0 to 12 years lives in the immediate vicinity of these centers. Nurse monitors at each center search for numerous target conditions, including postimmunization adverse events and vaccine-preventable infections. Vaccine safety observations have included (1) a substantial decrease in the risk of the development of febrile seizures and hypotonic-hyporesponsive episodes since the country switched from whole-cell to acellular pertussis-containing vaccines, (2) no evidence for encephalopathy resulting from the latter vaccines, (3) a generally benign outcome with postimmunization thrombocytopenia cases, and (4) an unexpectedly high rate of disseminated bacille Calmette-Guerin infections among aboriginal infants. Concomitant disease surveillance has been important for sustaining the surveillance system because few postimmunization adverse events require hospital admission.