The allometry of echolocation call frequencies in horseshoe bats: nasal capsule and pinna size are the better predictors than forearm length
The allometry of echolocation call frequencies in horseshoe bats: nasal capsule and pinna size are the better predictors than forearm length
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DOI：
10.1111/jzo.12265
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发表时间：
2015-11
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
H. Wu;Tinglei Jiang;Rolf Müller;Jiang Feng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Wu;Tinglei Jiang;Rolf Müller;Jiang Feng
声信号的演化与调节其产生和接收的形态特征往往是耦合的。马蹄蝠的回声定位叫声频率通常会随着体型的增加而下降，但也有明显的例外，如大型菊头蝠、马绍利蝙蝠和霸王龙，它们的回声定位叫声频率低于预期的体型。前臂长度通常用于衡量马蹄蝠之间的异速生长关系。然而，回声定位叫声频率与直接调节回声定位叫声产生或接收的形态特征之间的异速生长关系知之甚少，如鼻囊、耳蜗或耳廓。在此，我们通过综合回声定位叫声频率、系统发育、前臂长度、耳蜗大小、耳廓大小和鼻囊大小来检验中国分布的12只马蹄蝠回声定位进化的异速生长假说。我们的结果表明，不考虑种群的系统发育，回声定位叫声频率和前臂长度在这些物种之间没有显著的相关性。然而，耳长、耳宽和鼻囊大小与回声定位叫声频率呈显著负相关。对于回声定位叫声频率与耳廓或鼻囊大小的关系，线性回归模型与数据的拟合程度要好于回声定位叫声频率与前臂长度的关系。这些发现表明，耳廓和鼻囊大小都比前臂长度更能预测回声定位叫声频率。鉴于马蹄蝠的回声定位叫声频率在性别选择和物种形成中起着关键作用，我们观察到的物种间的差异可能会影响中国中马蹄蝙蝠回声定位叫声的进化。
The evolution of acoustic signals and the morphological traits mediating its production and reception are often coupled. The echolocation call frequencies of horseshoe bats normally decline as body size increases, but remarkable exceptions to the rule have been observed, such as Rhinolophus macrotis, R. marshalli and R. rex, having lower echolocation call frequencies than expected for their body size. Forearm length is commonly used to scale allometric relationships across horseshoe bats. However, little is known about the allometric relationships between echolocation call frequencies and morphological traits mediating directly echolocation calls' production or reception, such as the nasal capsule, the cochlea or the pinna. Here we have tested the allometry hypothesis regarding the evolution of echolocation in 12 horseshoe bats distributed in China by integrating echolocation call frequencies, phylogeny, forearm length, cochlea size, pinna size and nasal capsule size. Our results showed no significant correlation between echolocation call frequency and forearm length across these species without considering the phylogeny of the group. However, ear length, ear width and nasal capsule size were significantly and negatively correlated with echolocation call frequencies among the studied species. The fit between the linear regression model and the data was much better for the relationships between echolocation call frequencies and pinna or nasal capsule size than for the relationship between echolocation call frequencies and forearm length. These findings illustrated that both pinna and nasal capsule size were better predictors of echolocation call frequencies than forearm length. Given that the echolocation call frequencies of horseshoe bats can play key roles in sexual selection and speciation, the divergence we observed among species may influence the evolution of echolocation calls across horseshoe bats in China.