Bycatch of the Day: Wild Meat Consumption, Ecological Knowledge, and Symbolic Capital among Indigenous Maroon Parrot Hunters of Jamaica
Bycatch of the Day: Wild Meat Consumption, Ecological Knowledge, and Symbolic Capital among Indigenous Maroon Parrot Hunters of Jamaica
复制标题
每日兼捕：牙买加土著栗色鹦鹉猎人的野味消费、生态知识和象征资本
DOI：
10.2993/0278-0771-40.2.167
复制
发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
L. Gibson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Gibson
抽象的。野肉已被证明可以产生社会资本--建立和加强社会网络，并为穷人、城市人和散居国外的人创造文化路径，以保持文化认同。这篇文章调查了一小群牙买加马鲁克人的野肉消费，他们保持着捕猎鹦鹉的日益衰落的做法。附带捕获物(非鹦鹉物种的附带捕获)，特别是鸽子，通常很有价值，在狩猎期间被群体一起吃掉。猎人在两个狩猎季节被观察到，在这两个季节，捕获量在一年和第二年之间的显著变化导致年轻猎人的狩猎出勤率减少。这改变了剩下的猎人之间的群体动态；凝聚力依赖于共同消费兼捕。驾驶区马鲁人的野肉消费不会建立社会资本，也不会在社区成员和散居国外的人之间建立社会纽带。相反，它伴随着森林深处村民小组进行的高度专业化的做法，是确定和维持这些小组成员的一种机制。相反，共享野生肉类的消费创造了象征性资本，有助于在环境和社会变化中保持传统做法，并保护非常具体的知识形式--包括黑嘴鹦鹉(Amazona Agilis)可能的衰落。
Abstract. Wild meat has been shown to engender social capital—building and strengthening of social networks and creating cultural pathways for the poor, the urban, and the diaspora to maintain cultural identity. This paper explores wild meat consumption among a very small group of Jamaican Maroons who maintain the declining practice of parrot hunting. Bycatch (incidental take of non-parrot species), particularly pigeons, is often highly valued and consumed together by the group during hunts. The hunters were observed over two hunting seasons, where significant changes to catch yields between one year and the next resulted in a reduction in hunt attendance by young hunters. This transformed group dynamics among the remaining hunters; cohesion relied on the shared consumption of bycatch. Wild meat consumption among the Maroons of Cockpit Country does not build social capital and create social bonds between members of the community and the diaspora. Rather, it accompanies highly specialized practices undertaken by small groups of villagers deep in the forest and is a mechanism through which membership of these groups is determined and maintained. The shared consumption of wild meat, instead, creates symbolic capital, which helps to maintain traditional practice amidst environmental and social change and protects very specific forms of knowledge—including the possible decline of the Black-billed Parrot (Amazona agilis).