The quality of dying and death
The quality of dying and death
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DOI：
10.1001/archinte.168.9.912
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发表时间：
2008-05-12
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rodin, Gary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hales, Sarah;Zimmermann, Camilla;Rodin, Gary
在过去十年中，研究审查了不同人群中死亡和死亡质量的定义和概念化。与此同时，有人呼吁澄清垂死和死亡的质量与其他生命终结概念之间的区别。本文的目的是：（1）回顾研究，检查死亡和死亡的质量的定义和概念化，（2）澄清死亡和死亡的质量结构及其与生命质量和生命末期护理质量的区别，（3）概述卫生保健专业人员，研究人员和政策制定者仍然面临的挑战。文献回顾发现，死亡和死亡的质量结构是多维的，有7个广泛的领域：身体经验，心理经验，社会经验，精神或存在的经验，医疗保健的性质，生命关闭和死亡准备，以及死亡的情况。死亡和死亡的质量是由许多影响其判断的因素主观决定的，包括文化，疾病的类型和阶段，以及死亡经历中的社会和职业角色。临终和死亡质量的范围比生命结束时的生活质量或生命结束时的护理质量更广泛，尽管这些结构之间存在重叠。
During the past decade, research has examined definitions and conceptualizations of quality of dying and death in different populations. At the same time, there has been a call to clarify the distinctions between quality of dying and death and other end-of-life constructs. The purposes of this article are to (1) review research that examined definitions and conceptualizations of the quality of dying and death, (2) clarify the quality of dying and death construct and its distinction from quality of life and quality, of care at the end of life, and (3) outline challenges that remain for health care professionals, researchers, and policy makers. Review of the literature revealed that the quality of dying and death construct is multidimensional, with 7 broad domains: physical experience, psychological experience, social experience, spiritual or existential experience, the nature of health care, life closure and death preparation, and the circumstances of death. The quality of dying and death is subjectively determined with numerous factors that influence its judgment, including culture, type and stage of disease, and social and professional role in the dying experience. Quality of dying and death is broader in scope than either quality of life at the end of life or quality of care at the end of life, although there is overlap among these constructs.