Noradrenergic projections to the song control nucleus area X of the medial striatum in male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata)
Noradrenergic projections to the song control nucleus area X of the medial striatum in male zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata)
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.21337
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ball, Gregory F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castelino, Christina B.;Diekamp, Bettina;Ball, Gregory F.
有大量的功能证据表明去甲肾上腺素可以调节鸣禽声音控制回路的活动。然而，我们对歌曲系统的去甲肾上腺素能输入的了解并不完整。在这项研究中，将霍乱毒素 B 亚基 (CTB) 注射到 X 区，揭示了蓝斑和蓝斑下去甲肾上腺素能核的投射，并将生物素化的葡聚糖胺注射到 X 区这些去甲肾上腺素能核标记的纤维中。通过将 CTB 注射到蓝斑后，X 区不存在逆行标记的细胞，证明了这种连接的非互易性。此外，我们发现来自丘脑的巢状皮质和弓状皮质、中脑中央灰质以及背外侧前侧 (DLL) 和后侧外侧 (DLP) 对 X 区的新输入。根据细胞结构和化学神经解剖学标准，X 区可以与周围的内侧纹状体清楚地区分开来。然而，我们在这里表明，X 区域的神经调节输入与周围区域表现出相当程度的重叠。这一发现表明，神经调节剂作用的区域特异性很可能是由受体密度和酶分布的专门化提供的，而不是来自合成核的预测。我们的研究结果将目前关于去甲肾上腺素能投射的知识扩展到鸣叫控制回路的专门核，并为 X 区去甲肾上腺素调节上下文依赖性 ZENK 表达的功能作用提供了神经解剖学证据。此外，从端脑和丘脑区域到 X 区的新投射可能是跨越鸣禽大脑的纹状体苍白丘脑环路中新的有趣的节点。
There is considerable functional evidence implicating norepinephrine in modulating activity in the vocal control circuit of songbirds. However, our knowledge of noradrenergic inputs to the song system is incomplete. In this study, cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) injections into area X revealed projections from the noradrenergic nuclei locus coeruleus and subcoeruleus, and injections of biotinylated dextran amines into these noradrenergic nuclei labeled fibers in area X. The nonreciprocity of this connection was demonstrated by the absence of retrogradely labeled cells in area X following injections of CTB into the locus coeruleus. Additionally, we found novel inputs to area X from the nidopallium and arcopallium, the mesencephalic central gray, and the dorsolateralis anterior (DLL) and posterior (DLP) lateralis in the thalamus. Area X can be clearly distinguished from the surrounding medial striatum based on cytoarchitectural and chemical neuroanatomical criteria. We show here that neuromodulatory inputs to area X however, exhibit a considerable degree of overlap with the surrounding area. This finding suggests that regional specificity in neuromodulator action is most likely afforded by a specialization in receptor density and enzyme distribution rather than projections from the synthesizing nuclei. Our results extend current knowledge about noradrenergic projections to specialized nuclei of the song control circuit and provide neuroanatomical evidence for the functional action of norepinephrine-modulating context-dependent ZENK expression in area X. Furthermore, the novel projections to area X from telencephalic and thalamic areas could be new and interesting nodes in the striatopallidothalamic loop spanning the songbird brain.