Beyond the human genome: microbes, metaphors and what it means to be human in an interconnected post-genomic world
Beyond the human genome: microbes, metaphors and what it means to be human in an interconnected post-genomic world
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DOI：
10.1080/14636770802670233
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发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
B. Nerlich;I. Hellsten
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Nerlich;I. Hellsten
人类基因组计划完成四年后，美国国立卫生研究院于2007年12月19日启动了人类微生物组计划。本文使用隐喻分析，调查了自2003年以来，当“微生物组”一词首次使用时，英文报纸对微生物组学进展的报道。据说这项研究开辟了一个“新的前沿”，被设想为“第二个人类基因组计划”，这次的重点是居住和居住在人类身上的微生物的基因组，而不是关注人类基因组本身。科学家和报道他们的研究的记者所使用的语言采用了一种隐喻性的框架，这与围绕着“生命之书”的解读的夸张非常不同。在人类基因组计划期间，基因组学的成功主要是建立在从被动的遗传或基因组实体阅读信息的单向过程的基础上，而用来讨论微生物学进展的语言则以更加积极和动态的方式构建基因、基因组和生命。
Four years after the completion of the Human Genome Project, the US National Institutes for Health launched the Human Microbiome Project on 19 December 2007. Using metaphor analysis, this article investigates reporting in English-language newspapers on advances in microbiomics from 2003 onwards, when the word “microbiome” was first used. This research was said to open up a “new frontier” and was conceived as a “second human genome project”, this time focusing on the genomes of microbes that inhabit and populate humans rather than focusing on the human genome itself. The language used by scientists and by the journalists who reported on their research employed a type of metaphorical framing that was very different from the hyperbole surrounding the decipherment of the “book of life”. Whereas during the HGP genomic successes had been mainly framed as being based on a unidirectional process of reading off information from a passive genetic or genomic entity, the language employed to discuss advances in microbiomics frames genes, genomes and life in much more active and dynamic ways.