Endocannabinoid System Alterations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review of Developmental and Accumulative Effects of Trauma.
Endocannabinoid System Alterations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review of Developmental and Accumulative Effects of Trauma.
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DOI：
10.1177/2470547019864096
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Harpaz-Rotem, Ilan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bassir Nia, Anahita;Bender, Ricci;Harpaz-Rotem, Ilan
内源性大麻素系统在应激相关精神症状中的作用已经在许多动物和人类研究中得到了研究。尽管大多数这些研究一致地报道了长期应激和创伤对内源性大麻素系统的长期影响，但这些变化的性质和方向是有争议的。我们回顾了现有的研究慢性应激和创伤后很久的内源性大麻素系统改变的临床前和临床研究。我们认为，长期应激或创伤对内源性大麻素系统的影响因受试者经历创伤时的发育年龄及其重复性和累积性而不同。目前的文献一直表明，如果创伤发生在儿童时期，内源性大麻素配体和受体的水平会降低，而当创伤发生在成年时，内源性大麻素配体和受体的水平会降低，大麻素受体的水平会增加。值得注意的是，这些变化是特定于大脑区域的，而且还有重要的性别差异，这超出了本综述的范围。
The role of the endocannabinoid system in stress-related psychiatric symptoms has been investigated in many animal and human studies. Although most of these studies consistently report long-lasting effects of prolonged stress and trauma on the endocannabinoid system, the nature and direction of these changes are controversial. We reviewed the available preclinical and clinical studies investigating the endocannabinoid system alterations long after chronic stress and trauma. We propose that the effects of prolonged stress or trauma on the endocannabinoid system are different based on the developmental age of subjects at the time of experiencing the trauma and its repetitiveness and accumulative effects. The current literature consistently demonstrates decreased levels of endocannabinoid ligands and receptors if the trauma occurs in childhood, whereas decreased levels of endocannabinoid ligands and increased levels of cannabinoid receptors are reported when trauma has happened in adulthood. It is important to note that these changes are region-specific in the brain and also there are important sex differences, which are beyond the scope of this review.