Defining a Relativity-Proof Notion of the Present via Spatio-temporal Indeterminism
Defining a Relativity-Proof Notion of the Present via Spatio-temporal Indeterminism
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DOI：
10.1007/s10701-019-00267-x
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发表时间：
2019-06
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
T. Müller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Müller
在本文中，我们描述了一种新的方法来定义一个本体论的基本概念的共同存在，不违背相对论的原则。我们调查可能的反应，在相对论的现在的问题，介绍了一个术语之间的区别的静态角色的现在，这是服务的关系的一致性，和一个动态的角色的现在，与相应的关系co-presentness。我们认为，这两个关系需要是等价关系，但他们不需要重合。同时性，即时间坐标的共享，不需要具有基本的本体论意义，因此，关于同时性的相对化策略似乎是有希望的。另一方面，共同在场的概念确实具有本体论意义，因此不能相对于观察者或任意选择的框架。我们认为，一个正式的表示的不确定性可以提供所需的结构，锚的关系，共同在场，这一增加实际上是适宜的动态时间的概念，需要真实的（不确定性）的变化。由此产生的画面是一个扩展的动态现在，意味着静态（坐标）的一致性和动态的共同在场之间的正式区分。在分支时间的更简单的框架中制定出我们的方法的基础之后，我们在分支时空的框架中提供了我们的全面分析，这允许模态相关性的正式定义。动态现在的空间延伸可以达到模态相关的程度。在极限情况下，动态存在可以延伸穿过最大的类空超曲面。
In this paper we describe a novel approach to defining an ontologically fundamental notion of co-presentness that does not go against the tenets of relativity theory. We survey the possible reactions to the problem of the present in relativity theory, introducing a terminological distinction between a static role of the present, which is served by the relation of simultaneity, and a dynamic role of the present, with the corresponding relation of co-presentness. We argue that both of these relations need to be equivalence relations, but they need not coincide. Simultaneity, the sharing of a temporal coordinate, need not have fundamental ontological import, so that a relativizing strategy with respect to simultaneity seems promising. The notion of co-presentness, on the other hand, does have ontological import, and can therefore not be relativized to an observer or to an arbitrarily chosen frame. We argue that a formal representation of indeterminism can provide the structure needed to anchor the relation of co-presentness, and that this addition is in fact congenial to the notion of dynamic time as requiring real (indeterministic) change. The resulting picture is one of an extended dynamic present, implying a formal distinction between static (coordinate) simultaneity and dynamic co-presentness. After working out the basics of our approach in the simpler framework of branching time, we provide our full analysis in the framework of branching space-times, which allows for a formal definition of modal correlations. The spatial extension of the dynamic present can reach as far as the modal correlations do. In the limit, the dynamic present could extend across a maximal space-like hypersurface.