TIMING OF HUMAN SLEEP - RECOVERY PROCESS GATED BY A CIRCADIAN PACEMAKER
TIMING OF HUMAN SLEEP - RECOVERY PROCESS GATED BY A CIRCADIAN PACEMAKER
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1984.246.2.r161
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
BORBELY, AA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DAAN, S;BEERSMA, DGM;BORBELY, AA
提出了人类睡眠时间的模型。它基于睡眠调节变量（S）——可能但不一定与神经化学物质相关——该变量在清醒时增加，在睡眠时减少。当S接近上限阈值（H）时触发睡眠开始；当 S 达到较低阈值 (L) 时，就会发生觉醒。阈值显示由单个昼夜节律起搏器控制的昼夜节律。 S 过程的时间常数是从正常睡眠期间和睡眠剥夺恢复期间脑电图 (EEG) 功率密度的变化率得出的。昼夜节律阈值波动的波形来自部分睡眠剥夺后的自发醒来时间。该模型允许计算机模拟人类睡眠时间的主要现象，例如1）没有时间线索时的内部去同步，2）连续卧床休息期间的睡眠碎片，以及3）与时间线索隔离、从睡眠剥夺中恢复和轮班工作期间睡眠持续时间的昼夜节律相位依赖性。该模型表明，实验数据与人类单一昼夜节律起搏器的概念一致。它对于理解睡眠作为一种恢复过程及其相对于白天和夜晚的时间安排具有重要意义。
A model for the timing of human sleep is presented. It is based on a sleep-regulating variable (S)--possibly, but not necessarily, associated with a neurochemical substance--which increases during wakefulness and decreases during sleep. Sleep onset is triggered when S approaches an upper threshold (H); awakening occurs when S reaches a lower threshold (L). The thresholds show a circadian rhythm controlled by a single circadian pacemaker. Time constants of the S process were derived from rates of change of electroencephalographic (EEG) power density during regular sleep and during recovery from sleep deprivation. The waveform of the circadian threshold fluctuations was derived from spontaneous wake-up times after partial sleep deprivation. The model allows computer simulations of the main phenomena of human sleep timing, such as 1) internal desynchronization in the absence of time cues, 2) sleep fragmentation during continuous bed rest, and 3) circadian phase dependence of sleep duration during isolation from time cues, recovery from sleep deprivation, and shift work. The model shows that the experimental data are consistent with the concept of a single circadian pacemaker in humans. It has implications for the understanding of sleep as a restorative process and its timing with respect to day and night.