Gender differences in the prevalence of stimulant misuse in the United States: 2015-2019.
Gender differences in the prevalence of stimulant misuse in the United States: 2015-2019.
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美国兴奋剂滥用流行率的性别差异：2015-2019 年。
DOI：
10.1111/ajad.13501
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Weiss,RogerD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McHugh,RKathryn;Korte,FrancescaM;Bichon,JulietteA;Weiss,RogerD
背景和目的物质使用障碍患病率的性别差距已经缩小。然而，近年来兴奋剂滥用的性别差异并没有得到很好的表征。本研究的目的是量化过去一年兴奋剂滥用和兴奋剂使用障碍的性别差异，按兴奋剂类型（可卡因/快克、处方兴奋剂和甲基苯丙胺）进行分类。在一个探索性的目的，我们调查性别差异是否被年龄或性取向缓和。方法：我们结合2015年至2019年全国药物使用与健康调查（未加权dn = 282,768）的数据，检验过去一年兴奋剂滥用发生率的性别差异。结果表明，在过去一年的兴奋剂使用和过去一年的兴奋剂使用障碍中，所有类型的兴奋剂滥用在男性中明显比女性更普遍。处方兴奋剂的性别差异最小，男性过去一年滥用处方兴奋剂的几率是男性的1.37倍，在处方兴奋剂使用障碍的患病率方面没有观察到性别差异。性别差异的程度也因年龄和性取向而异。结论和科学意义：男性滥用违禁兴奋剂的情况仍然比女性更普遍；然而，在处方兴奋剂滥用方面，性别差异较为温和，这表明这种历史上的性别差异正在缩小。
Background and ObjectivesThe gender gap in prevalence of substance‐use disorders has narrowed. However, gender differences in stimulant misuse have not been well‐characterized in recent years. The aim of this study was to quantify gender differences in past‐year stimulant misuse and stimulant‐use disorder, separated by stimulant type (cocaine/crack, prescription stimulants, and methamphetamine). In an exploratory aim, we investigated whether gender differences were moderated by age or sexual orientation.MethodsWe combined data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2015 to 2019 (unweightedN= 282,768) to test gender differences in the prevalence of past‐year stimulant misuse.ResultsResults indicated that stimulant misuse was significantly more prevalent in men than women for all stimulant types for both past‐year use and past‐year use disorder. The magnitude of this sex difference was smallest for prescription stimulants, where men had 1.37 times higher odds of past‐year misuse and no gender difference was observed in the prevalence of prescription stimulant‐use disorder. The magnitude of gender differences also varied based on both age and sexual orientation.Conclusions and Scientific SignificanceIllicit stimulant misuse continues to be more common in men than in women; however, gender differences are more modest for prescription stimulant misuse, suggesting a narrowing of this historical gender difference.