Rural out-migration and family life in cities in Mongolia : background paper
Rural out-migration and family life in cities in Mongolia : background paper
复制标题
蒙古农村人口外流和城市家庭生活：背景文件
DOI：
10.1596/27412
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Shi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Shi
决策者和国际发展界越来越关注移徙者迅速集中在首都乌兰巴托及其社会、经济和环境后果（开发计划署，2003年）。这些关切要求我们充分了解蒙古境内移徙的性质及其对移徙者生活的影响。本文件利用2007- 2008年蒙古家庭经济和社会调查，旨在：（a）记录蒙古近期国内移徙的特点;（B）与留在农村地区的人以及当地城市居民相比，评估农村到城市的移徙者的生计。本文的分析表明，农村人口的外移与贫困发生率呈负相关关系。与从农村到城市的移民相比，非农村移民的贫困率要高得多，消费水平要低得多。然而，并非所有的城市目的地都是平等的：那些搬到省中心的人与那些搬到UB的人之间的生计存在很大差异。迁入省中心的农村移民家庭的贫困发生率为33%，而迁入乌兰巴托的移民家庭的贫困发生率为24%。
There is a growing concern among policy makers and the international development community about the rapid concentration of migrants in the capital city of Ulaanbaatar (UB) and its social, economic, and environmental consequences (UNDP, 2003). These concerns call for a good understanding of the nature of migration in Mongolia and its impacts on the life of migrants. Using the 2007-08 Household Economic and Social Survey of Mongolia, this paper aims to: (a) document the characteristics of recent internal migration in Mongolia; and (b) assess the livelihoods of rural-to-urban migrants in comparison to those staying in rural areas as well as to local urban residents. The analysis in this paper suggests that rural out-migration is negatively correlated with the chance of falling into poverty. For those who did not migrate from rural areas, their poverty incidence was much higher, and their consumption level much lower, than that of rural-to-urban migrants. However, not all urban destinations are equal: there is a large discrepancy in livelihoods between those moving to aimag centers versus those moving the UB. The poverty incidence of rural migrant families moving into aimag centers was 33 percent, whereas 24 percent for those migrant families moving into UB.