Fundamentals of Ion‐Exchange Synthesis and Its Implications in Layered Oxide Cathodes: Recent Advances and Perspective
Fundamentals of Ion‐Exchange Synthesis and Its Implications in Layered Oxide Cathodes: Recent Advances and Perspective
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DOI：
10.1002/aenm.202300125
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
27.8
通讯作者：
Y. Luo;Q. Pan;Han‐xin Wei;Ying‐De Huang;Linkai Tang;Zhen-yu Wang;Cheng Yan;Jing Mao;
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Luo;Q. Pan;Han‐xin Wei;Ying‐De Huang;Linkai Tang;Zhen-yu Wang;Cheng Yan;Jing Mao;
层状氧化物正极材料，如富镍三元和富锂层状正极材料，由于具有良好的锂离子传输性能、较高的能量密度和相对较低的成本，已被广泛应用于锂离子电池。然而，高温烧结法制备的层状正极材料存在结构稳定性低、过渡金属离子不可逆迁移、氧离子氧化还原反应不可逆等固有问题。为了从材料合成的角度取得突破，近年来出现了一种新的离子交换合成方法，这是合成锂离子正极的一种很有前途的策略。本文介绍了离子交换合成的基本原理及其在锂离子电池层状氧化物正极中的应用。具体介绍了离子交换合成和离子交换机理，重点讨论了降低合成温度、合成新型晶体结构、抑制过渡金属离子迁移、提高阴离子氧化还原可逆性和优化表面重构等方面的研究进展。最后，对离子交换法制备锂离子电池层状氧化物正极材料进行了总结和展望。预计这种离子交换合成将促进下一代锂离子电池高性能正极材料的商业化。
Layered oxide cathodes such as Ni‐rich ternary and Li‐rich layered cathode materials have been widely used for lithium‐ion batteries owing to their excellent Li+ transport properties, high energy density, and relatively low cost. However, such layered cathode materials synthesized by high‐temperature sintering face inherent issues such as low structural stability, irreversible migration of transition metal ions, and irreversible redox reactions of oxygen anions. To make a breakthrough from the perspective of material synthesis, a new ion‐exchange synthesis has emerged in recent years, which is a promising strategy for synthesis of Li‐ion cathodes. Herein, the fundamentals of ion‐exchange synthesis and their implications in layered oxide cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries is presented. Specifically, ion‐exchange synthesis and mechanisms of ion exchange are introduced in detail, followed by a discussion of the reduction of synthetic temperature, the synthesis of novel crystal structures, the inhibited migration of transition metal ions, the increased reversibility of anionic redox, and the optimized surface reconstruction. Finally, a summary and outlook is provided for ion‐exchange synthesis of layered oxide cathodes for lithium‐ion batteries. It is anticipated that this ion‐exchange synthesis will facilitate the commercialization of high‐performance cathode materials for next generation Li‐ion batteries.