Chemical-biology approaches to probe DNA and RNA G-quadruplex structures in the genome
Chemical-biology approaches to probe DNA and RNA G-quadruplex structures in the genome
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DOI：
10.1039/c9cc09107f
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发表时间：
2020-01-28
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Di Antonio, Marco
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Raguseo, Federica;Chowdhury, Souroprobho;Di Antonio, Marco
G-四联体是核酸的二级结构，可以在富含鸟嘌呤的序列中形成。30多年前，在端粒DNA中首次观察到它们的形成。从那时起，已经描述了许多其他能够形成G-四链结构的序列，并积累了越来越多的证据支持它们在活细胞背景下的形成。为了充分支持G-四链体的生物学意义及其作为治疗靶点的潜力，已经开发了几种化学生物学工具和方法来绘制和可视化人类细胞中的这些核酸二级结构。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了最相关的方法来研究G-四链体在人类细胞中的流行情况并研究它们的生物学功能，提出了需要解决的下一个关键的化学-生物学挑战，以充分揭示G-四链体介导的生物学及其治疗潜力。
G-quadruplexes are nucleic acids secondary structures that can be formed in guanine-rich sequences. More than 30 years ago, their formation was first observed in telomeric DNA. Since then, a number of other sequences capable of forming G-quadruplex structures have been described and increasing evidence supporting their formation in the context of living cells has been accumulated. To fully underpin the biological significance of G-quadruplexes and their potential as therapeutic targets, several chemical-biology tools and methods have been developed to map and visualise these nucleic acids secondary structures in human cells. In this review, we critically present the most relevant methods developed to investigate G-quadruplex prevalence in human cells and to study their biological functions, presenting the next key chemical-biology challenges that need to be addressed to fully unravel G-quadruplex mediated biology and their therapeutic potential.