Modern Taurine Cattle Descended from Small Number of Near-Eastern Founders
Modern Taurine Cattle Descended from Small Number of Near-Eastern Founders
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/mss092
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Thomas, Mark G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bollongino, Ruth;Burger, Joachim;Thomas, Mark G.
生态动物学和遗传学数据表明，牛磺酸牛是大约10，500年前在近东从当地野牛（欧洲野牛）驯化而来的。然而，虽然现代线粒体DNA（mtDNA）变异表明全新世早期的建立事件，但缺乏来自起源地区的古代DNA数据，突变率估计的变化以及适当推理方法的有限应用导致了首次驯化动物数量的不确定性。如果牛的驯化是一种技术上简单和不严格的区域性现象，预计会有大量的牛，而较少的牛将与一个更复杂和更具挑战性的过程相一致。我们报告的mtDNA序列从15新石器时代到铁器时代的伊朗国内牛，并结合现代数据，使用串行聚结模拟和近似贝叶斯计算，估计约80名女性欧洲野牛最初驯化。如此低的数量与考古数据相一致，表明最初的驯化发生在一个受限制的地区，并表明这一过程受到了持续管理和饲养家养牛的野生祖先的困难的限制。
Archaeozoological and genetic data indicate that taurine cattle were first domesticated from local wild ox (aurochs) in the Near East some 10,500 years ago. However, while modern mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation indicates early Holocene founding event(s), a lack of ancient DNA data from the region of origin, variation in mutation rate estimates, and limited application of appropriate inference methodologies have resulted in uncertainty on the number of animals first domesticated. A large number would be expected if cattle domestication was a technologically straightforward and unexacting region-wide phenomenon, while a smaller number would be consistent with a more complex and challenging process. We report mtDNA sequences from 15 Neolithic to Iron Age Iranian domestic cattle and, in conjunction with modern data, use serial coalescent simulation and approximate Bayesian computation to estimate that around 80 female aurochs were initially domesticated. Such a low number is consistent with archaeological data indicating that initial domestication took place in a restricted area and suggests the process was constrained by the difficulty of sustained managing and breeding of the wild progenitors of domestic cattle.