High plasma glutamate and low glutamine-to-glutamate ratio are associated with type 2 diabetes: Case-cohort study within the PREDIMED trial.
High plasma glutamate and low glutamine-to-glutamate ratio are associated with type 2 diabetes: Case-cohort study within the PREDIMED trial.
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高血浆谷氨酸和低谷氨酰胺与谷氨酸的比率与2型糖尿病有关：predimed试验中的病例 - 霍特研究。
DOI：
10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.005
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发表时间：
2019-10
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Salas-Salvado, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiaoran Liu;Yan Zheng;Guasch-Ferre, M.;Ruiz-Canela, M.;Toledo, E.;Clish, C.;Liang, L.;Razquin, C.;Corella, D.;Estruch, R.;Fito, M.;Gomez-Gracia, E.;Aros, F.;Ros, E.;Lapetra, J.;Fiol, M.;Serra-Majem, L.;Papandreou, C.;Martinez-Gonzalez, M. A.;Hu, F. B.;Salas-Salvado, J.
谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺参与能量代谢，与心血管代谢紊乱有关。然而，它们在2型糖尿病（T2 D）发展中的作用仍不清楚。在西班牙心血管疾病（CVD）高风险人群中，研究地中海饮食对谷氨酰胺、谷氨酸盐、谷氨酰胺/谷氨酸盐比值与新发T2 D风险之间相关性的影响。本研究是在PREDIMED试验中采用病例队列设计构建的，包括892例受试者，其中251例发生T2 D病例和641例非病例。受试者（平均年龄66.3岁;女性62.8%）在基线时是非糖尿病患者，并且具有CVD的高风险。在基线和干预1年后测量谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸的血浆水平。基线时较高的谷氨酸水平与T2 D风险增加相关，风险比（HR）为2.78（95% CI，1.43-5.42，趋势P = 0.0002）。相比之下，当比较极端四分位数时，谷氨酰胺基线水平（HR：0.64，95% CI，0.84-2.31;趋势P = 0.04）和谷氨酰胺/谷氨酸比值（HR：0.30，95% CI，0.16-0.57;趋势P = 0.0001）与T2 D风险呈负相关。两种地中海饮食（MedDiet + EVOO和MedDiet +混合坚果）在干预1年后没有改变谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸的水平。然而，MedDiet减轻了较高的基线血浆谷氨酸和T2 D风险之间的正相关性（相互作用P = 0.01）。在西班牙CVD高风险人群中，较高水平的谷氨酸盐和较低水平的谷氨酰胺与T2 D风险增加相关。地中海饮食可能会减轻谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸失衡与T2 D风险之间的关联。
Glutamate, glutamine are involved in energy metabolism, and have been related to cardiometabolic disorders. However, their roles in the development of type-2 diabetes (T2D) remain unclear. To examine the effects of Mediterranean diet on associations between glutamine, glutamate, glutamine-to-glutamate ratio, and risk of new-onset T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study was built within the PREDIMED trial using a case-cohort design including 892 participants with 251 incident T2D cases and 641 non-cases. Participants (mean age 66.3 years; female 62.8%) were non diabetic and at high risk for CVD at baseline. Plasma levels of glutamine and glutamate were measured at baseline and after 1-year of intervention. Higher glutamate levels at baseline were associated with increased risk of T2D with a hazard ratio (HR) of 2.78 (95% CI, 1.43–5.42, P for trend = 0.0002). In contrast, baseline levels of glutamine (HR: 0.64, 95% CI, 0.84–2.31; P for trend = 0.04) and glutamine-to-glutamate ratio (HR: 0.30, 95% CI, 0.16–0.57; P for trend = 0.0001) were inversely associated with T2D risk when comparing extreme quartiles. The two Mediterranean diets (MedDiet + EVOO and MedDiet + mixed nuts) did not alter levels of glutamine and glutamate after intervention for 1 year. However, MedDiet mitigate the positive association between higher baseline plasma glutamate and T2D risk (P for interaction = 0.01). Higher levels of glutamate and lower levels of glutamine were associated with increased risk of T2D in a Spanish population at high risk for CVD. Mediterranean diet might mitigate the association between the imbalance of glutamine and glutamate and T2D risk.