Further decoding the mystery of American pain: The importance of work.
Further decoding the mystery of American pain: The importance of work.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0261891
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bryson A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blanchflower DG;Bryson A
最近的一篇论文表明，虽然我们预计由于累积伤害、身体磨损和疾病而导致的疼痛会随着年龄的增长而增加，但美国的老年人报告的疼痛比中年人要少。进一步的研究发现，这种模式仅限于受教育程度较低的人群。作者称这是“美国人的痛苦之谜”，因为在其他国家，无论受教育程度如何，疼痛似乎都会随着年龄的增长而增加。用同样的横截面数据重新审视这个问题，我们表明，在解释疼痛直到65岁时，重要的是一个人是否在工作。在美国和其他地方，疼痛在整个生命过程中的发生率几乎相同，但非工作的美国人比其他地方的非工作人员更痛苦。与其他国家一样，在失业的美国人中，疼痛在年龄上呈驼峰状，但对于那些工作的人来说，疼痛在一生中略有上升。此外，这些模式在教育团体中也很明显。我们发现，如果把其他经合组织国家的特定年龄就业率归因于美国人，美国的疼痛年龄特征更类似于经合组织其他国家的情况。这是因为美国30岁至60岁的就业率比其他地方低：这个模拟降低了这些非劳动者对美国整体痛苦的贡献，所以它看起来有点像其他地方的痛苦。我们的结论是，在解释生命过程中的痛苦时，重要的是一个人是否工作，一旦解释了这一点，整个美国和经合组织其他国家的模式是一致的。
A recent paper showed that, whereas we expect pain to rise with age due to accumulated injury, physical wear and tear, and disease, the elderly in America report less pain than those in midlife. Further exploration revealed this pattern was confined to the less educated. The authors called this the ‘mystery of American pain’ since pain appears to rise with age in other countries irrespective of education. Revisiting this issue with the same cross-sectional data we show that what matters in explaining pain through to age 65 is whether one is working or not. The incidence of pain across the life-course is nearly identical for workers in America and elsewhere, but it is greater for non-working Americans than it is for non-workers elsewhere. As in other countries, pain is hump-shaped in age among those Americans out of work but rises a little over the life-course for those in work. Furthermore, these patterns are apparent within educational groups. We show that, if one ascribes age-specific employment rates from other OECD countries to Americans, the age profile of pain in the United States is more similar to that found elsewhere in the OECD. This is because employment rates are lower in the United States than elsewhere between ages 30 and 60: the simulation reduces the pain contribution of these non-workers to overall pain in America, so it looks somewhat similar to pain elsewhere. We conclude that what matters in explaining pain over the life-course is whether one is working or not and once that is accounted for, the patterns are consistent across the United States and the rest of the OECD.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2012350117
发表时间：
2020-10-06
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Case A;Deaton A;Stone AA
通讯作者：
Stone AA
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Krueger, Alan B.;Stone, Arthur A.
通讯作者：
Stone, Arthur A.
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Bloom, Nicholas;Sadun, Raffaella;Van Reenen, John
通讯作者：
Van Reenen, John
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Blanchflower, David G.
通讯作者：
Blanchflower, David G.
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Winkelmann, L;Winkelmann, R
通讯作者：
Winkelmann, R