Facilitators and barriers to NCD prevention in Pakistanis-invincibility or inevitability: a qualitative research study.
Facilitators and barriers to NCD prevention in Pakistanis-invincibility or inevitability: a qualitative research study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s13104-016-2087-2
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发表时间：
2016-05-23
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kamal AK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gowani A;Ahmed HI;Khalid W;Muqeet A;Abdullah S;Khoja S;Kamal AK
非传染性疾病(NCD)是全球主要的死亡原因。在巴基斯坦，它们是导致死亡的十大原因之一，特别是在生育年龄组(30-69岁)。有证据表明，健康观念和信念强烈影响着个人的健康行为。我们进行了焦点小组访谈，描绘了这一点，从而设计了无创卒中风险监测设备的用户界面。这是一项定性研究，旨在探索健康观念和信念如何影响非传染性疾病预防行为。对30名患有糖尿病、缺血性心脏病、高血压和中风的稳定参与者进行了四次焦点小组讨论(FGD)。数据是通过半结构化访谈指南收集的，旨在探索参与者对自己疾病、自我管理行为和影响他们的因素的看法。访谈被转录，内容分析使用Morse和Niehaus的内容分析步骤。服药依从性、血糖血压自我监测、就医求助是受试者常见的自我管理行为。个人的疾病经历、疾病的家族遗传、教育以及在没有履行生活责任时对过早死亡的恐惧，都是自我管理行为的强大促进者。个人无敌意识、宿命感或必然性、缺乏对个人威胁的认识、知识有限、健康教育不足、医疗保健和经济拮据似乎是慢性病自我管理的关键障碍。行为干预性信息将必须产生一种个人脆弱性，并在个人层面赋予自我效能解决方案，以处理采用健康行为的不可战胜和不可避免的障碍。
Non-communicable diseases (NCD) are the leading causes of death globally. In Pakistan, they are among the top ten causes of mortality, especially in the productive age group (30–69 years). Evidence suggests that health perceptions and beliefs strongly influence the health behavior of an individual. We performed focus group interviews to delineate the same so as to design the user interface of a non-invasive stroke risk monitoring device. It was a qualitative study, designed to explore how health perceptions and beliefs influence behavior for NCD prevention. Four focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with 30 stable participants who had diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, blood pressure, and stroke. The data was collected using a semi-structured interview guide designed to explore participants’ perceptions of their illnesses, self-management behaviors and factors affecting them. The interviews were transcribed and content analysis was done using steps of content analysis by Morse and Niehaus. Medication adherence, self-monitoring of blood sugars and blood pressures, and medical help seeking were the commonly performed self-management behaviors by the participants. Personal experience of illness, familial inheritance of disease, education and fear of premature death when life responsibilities were unfulfilled, emerged as strong facilitators of self-management behaviors. A sense of personal invincibility, Fatalism or inevitability, lack of personal threat realization, limited knowledge, inadequate health education, health care and financial constraints appeared as key barriers to the self-management of chronic disease in participants. Behavioural interventional messaging will have to engender a sense of personal vulnerability and yet empower self-efficacy solutions at the individual level to deal with both invincibility and inevitability barriers to adoption of healthy behavior.