Atmospheric chemistry and physics in the atmosphere of a developed megacity (London): an overview of the REPARTEE experiment and its conclusions
Atmospheric chemistry and physics in the atmosphere of a developed megacity (London): an overview of the REPARTEE experiment and its conclusions
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-12-3065-2012
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Smith, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrison, R. M.;Dall'Osto, M.;Smith, S.
< b > RE < b > PAR k和< b > T < b > E环境< b > E实验（REPARTEE）包括2006年10月和2007年10月/ 11月在伦敦进行的两次运动。实验设计包括在一个交通繁忙的路边站点、两个城市背景站点和一个距离地面160-190米的BT塔高架站点进行测量，在第二个运动中补充了多普勒激光雷达对大气垂直结构的测量。对空气中颗粒的物理度量和化学组成进行了广泛的测量，并对相当大范围的气相种类以及颗粒和气相物质的通量进行了测量。重要的发现包括(a)证明了交通产生的纳米颗粒在水平和垂直大气运输过程中的蒸发；(b)建立关于纳米粒子通量、累积模式粒子和气溶胶的特定化学成分以及一系列气相物种的大量信息库，并阐明关键过程并与排放清单进行比较；(c)对选定气溶胶和微量气体种类的垂直梯度进行量化，证明了区域运输在影响伦敦大气中硫酸盐、硝酸盐和二次有机化合物浓度方面的重要作用；(d)生成有关伦敦上空大气结构和湍流的新资料，包括混合层深度的估计；(e)通过释放有目的的示踪剂提供关于微量气体在城市大气中扩散的新数据；(f)确定气溶胶粒径分布的空间差异，并从来源和物理化学转化的角度解释这些差异；(g)研究城市大气中氮氧化物的夜间氧化和硝酸盐气溶胶的日间行为，以及(h)使用两种仪器进行大量化学分析和气溶胶质谱分析，获得有关伦敦大气中颗粒物大小组分的化学成分和来源分配的新资料。
The < b > RE gents < b > PAR k and < b > T ower < b > E nvironmental < b > E xperiment (REPARTEE) comprised two campaigns in London in October 2006 and October/November 2007. The experiment design involved measurements at a heavily trafficked roadside site, two urban background sites and an elevated site at 160-190 m above ground on the BT Tower, supplemented in the second campaign by Doppler lidar measurements of atmospheric vertical structure. A wide range of measurements of airborne particle physical metrics and chemical composition were made as well as measurements of a considerable range of gas phase species and the fluxes of both particulate and gas phase substances. Significant findings include (a) demonstration of the evaporation of traffic-generated nanoparticles during both horizontal and vertical atmospheric transport; (b) generation of a large base of information on the fluxes of nanoparticles, accumulation mode particles and specific chemical components of the aerosol and a range of gas phase species, as well as the elucidation of key processes and comparison with emissions inventories; (c) quantification of vertical gradients in selected aerosol and trace gas species which has demonstrated the important role of regional transport in influencing concentrations of sulphate, nitrate and secondary organic compounds within the atmosphere of London; (d) generation of new data on the atmospheric structure and turbulence above London, including the estimation of mixed layer depths; (e) provision of new data on trace gas dispersion in the urban atmosphere through the release of purposeful tracers; (f) the determination of spatial differences in aerosol particle size distributions and their interpretation in terms of sources and physico-chemical transformations; (g) studies of the nocturnal oxidation of nitrogen oxides and of the diurnal behaviour of nitrate aerosol in the urban atmosphere, and (h) new information on the chemical composition and source apportionment of particulate matter size fractions in the atmosphere of London derived both from bulk chemical analysis and aerosol mass spectrometry with two instrument types.