2019 novel coronavirus: an emerging global threat.
2019 novel coronavirus: an emerging global threat.
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DOI：
10.1080/08998280.2020.1731272
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Arroliga, Alejandro C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Columbus, Cristie;Brust, Karen B;Arroliga, Alejandro C
2019年12月在中国开始的冠状病毒疫情是继中国的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒和沙特阿拉伯的中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒疫情之后发生的。2019年新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)的全基因组现已共享，并从几个病例系列收集了数据。截至2020年2月11日，全国实验室确诊病例45,182例，绝大多数为中国，死亡1,115例，总病死率为2.5%。27个国家已确诊病例。平均而言，每个患者会感染2.2个人。有症状的感染似乎主要影响成人，感染和症状出现之间的潜伏期估计为5天。最常见的症状是发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难、肌痛和/或疲劳。迄今报告的所有病例都有肺炎的放射证据。2019年-nCoV通过实时逆转录聚合酶链式反应进行诊断。治疗在很大程度上是支持性的，包括抗病毒治疗。通常不推荐使用皮质类固醇。手部卫生、及时识别和隔离可疑患者以及适当使用个人防护装备是控制疫情的最可靠方法。
The coronavirus (CoV) epidemic that began in China in December 2019 follows earlier epidemics of severe acute respiratory syndrome CoV in China and Middle East respiratory syndrome CoV in Saudi Arabia. The full genome of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has now been shared, and data have been gathered from several case series. As of February 11, 2020, there have been 45,182 laboratory-confirmed cases, the vast majority in China, with 1115 deaths, for an overall case-fatality rate of 2.5%. Cases have been confirmed in 27 countries. On average, each patient infects 2.2 other people. Symptomatic infection appears to predominantly affect adults, with a 5-day estimated incubation period between infection and symptom onset. The most common presenting symptoms are fever, cough, dyspnea, and myalgias and/or fatigue. All cases reported to date have shown radiographic evidence of pneumonia. 2019-nCoV is diagnosed by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Treatment is largely supportive, with regimens including antiviral therapy. Corticosteroids are not routinely recommended. Hand hygiene, prompt identification and isolation of suspect patients, and appropriate use of personal protective equipment are the most reliable methods to contain the epidemic.