Can the Focus of Attention Accommodate Multiple, Separate Items?
Can the Focus of Attention Accommodate Multiple, Separate Items?
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DOI：
10.1037/a0024352
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发表时间：
2011-11-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Cowan, Nelson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilchrist, Amanda L.;Cowan, Nelson
工作记忆研究人员目前正在争论注意力焦点的容量限制，即最容易访问项目的心智能力。 Cowan（1999）建议其容量约为 4 个块，而其他人则建议其容量仅为 1 个块。最近，Oberauer 和 Bialkova（2009）发现有证据表明 2 个项目可以成为关注焦点，但只是因为它们被组合成一个块。我们修改了他们的实验程序，该程序取决于切换成本的模式，以获得不太可能发生分块的情况（即每个项目仍然是一个单独的块），并且仍然获得与至少 2 个项目的容量一致的结果。因此，要么注意力焦点可以容纳多个块，要么必须重新考虑切换成本逻辑。
Researchers of working memory currently debate capacity limits of the focus of attention, the proposed mental faculty in which items are most easily accessed. Cowan (1999) suggested that its capacity is about 4 chunks, whereas others have suggested that its capacity is only 1 chunk. Recently, Oberauer and Bialkova (2009) found evidence that 2 items could reside in the focus of attention, but only because they were combined into a single chunk. We modified their experimental procedure, which depends on a pattern of switch costs, to obtain a situation in which chunking was not likely to occur (i.e., each item remained a separate chunk) and still obtained results consistent with a capacity of at least 2 items. Therefore, either the focus of attention can hold multiple chunks or the switch cost logic must be reconsidered.