Occurrence of polyploidy in the fishes
Occurrence of polyploidy in the fishes
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DOI：
10.1023/b:rfbf.0000033049.00668.fe
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发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Iwama, GK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leggatt, RA;Iwama, GK
多倍体，即超出正常两条染色体组的整组染色体的增殖，已经广泛、独立地发生，并且经常在从鲨鱼到高等硬骨鱼的许多鱼类群体中重复出现。虽然多倍体鱼的发育有多种方式，但环境变化和杂交稳定可能在新的多倍体物种的形成中发挥重要作用。尽管多倍体很普遍，但多倍体在鱼类进化中的重要性尚不清楚。多倍体在低等硬骨鱼中比高等硬骨鱼更常见，可能是由于低等硬骨鱼中特化程度的降低、高等鱼类中多倍体活力的降低或两者兼有而获得的优势。多倍体鱼可以通过增加杂合性、重复基因的分歧和/或增加关键生理蛋白的表达来获得优于二倍体鱼的优势。虽然多倍体鱼在表型上与二倍体鱼没有太大差异，但它们可能处于劣势，或者由于细胞数量总体减少而某些优势可能减弱。本文总结了迄今为止已知的所有多倍体鱼类，并讨论了多倍体在鱼类进化中的可能作用和建立途径。
Polyploidy, the multiplication of entire sets of chromosomes beyond the normal set of two, has occurred extensively, independently, and is often repeated in many groups of fish, from the sharks to the higher teleosts. While there are several ways that a polyploid fish can develop, environmental change and hybrid stabilization may play a large role in the initiation of a new polyploid species. Despite its prevalence, the importance of polyploidy in the evolution of the fishes is unclear. Polyploidy is more common in the lower teleosts than the higher teleosts, possibly due to an advantage gained through decreased specialization in the lower teleosts, a decreased viability of polyploidy in the higher fish, or both. Polyploid fish could gain an advantage over diploid fish through increased heterozygosity, divergence of duplicate genes, and/or increased expression of key physiological proteins. While polyploid fish do not differ considerably from diploids phenotypically, they may be at a disadvantage, or certain advantages may be lessened due to an overall decrease in cell number. This paper summarizes all polyploid species of fish known to-date, and discusses the possible roles and pathways for establishment of polyploidy in the evolution of the fishes.