Stand age, disturbance history and the temporal stability of forest production
Stand age, disturbance history and the temporal stability of forest production
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DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2020.117865
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发表时间：
2020-03
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
S. B. Wales;Mark R. Kreider;J. Atkins;C. Hulshof;R. Fahey;L. Nave;K. Nadelhoffer;C. Gough
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. B. Wales;Mark R. Kreider;J. Atkins;C. Hulshof;R. Fahey;L. Nave;K. Nadelhoffer;C. Gough
维持陆地碳(C)汇需要了解在日益多变的气候条件下支持稳定生产的森林属性。我们研究了美国密歇根州北部温带森林的林分干扰历史和年龄、结构复杂性和物种多样性以及树叶特性与地上木材净初级生产量(NPPw)10年稳定性的关系。我们的调查集中在一个多世纪前开始的、没有最近干扰的单独的落叶、常绿和混合演替后期林分，一个在采伐后建立的“只采伐”时间序列，以及一个在试验性采伐和火灾后再生的“采伐和焚烧”时间序列。林分产量的时间稳定性由树心估计的10年NPPw的变异系数(CV)计算；冠层粗糙度(衡量结构复杂性的指标)由陆地LiDAR估计；>；1500的亚冠层叶片取样用于叶质量面积和叶绿素荧光强度。林分的时间稳定性相差>；2倍，变异系数为NPPw的5%到11%。与预期相反，我们发现NPPw稳定性在干扰较严重的采伐和燃烧林分中最大，在演替后期最低。尽管物种多样性和结构复杂性的演替模式相似，但NPPw稳定性在仅采伐林分中增加，在采伐林和火炬林中随着年龄、多样性和郁闭度的增加而下降。多样性较高、演替较晚的落叶林的NPPw比常绿林的NPPw在时间上更稳定。我们的结论是，对最大生产率的管理可能不会带来时间稳定性，这表明需要进一步的研究来阐明同时支持高生产率和稳定性的林分和冠层属性。
Sustaining the terrestrial carbon (C) sink requires knowledge of the forest properties supporting stable production under increasingly variable climate conditions. We examined how stand disturbance history and age, structural complexity and species diversity, and leaf properties relate to the 10-yr stability of above-ground wood net primary production (NPPw) in northern temperate forests of Michigan, USA. Our investigation centered on separate deciduous, evergreen, and mixed late successional stands initiated over a century ago and free of recent disturbance, a “Cut Only” chronosequence established following clearcut harvesting, and a “Cut and Burn” chronosequence that regenerated following experimental clearcut harvesting and fire. The temporal stability of stand production was calculated from the 10-yr coefficient of variation (CV) of annual NPPw estimated from tree cores; canopy rugosity, a measure of structural complexity, was estimated using terrestrial LiDAR; and >1500 subcanopy leaves were sampled for leaf mass area and chlorophyll fluorescence intensity. The temporal stability of stands differed by >2-fold, from 5% to 11% CV of NPPw. Counter to expectations, we found that NPPw stability was greatest in the more severely disturbed Cut and Burn stands and lowest in late successional stands. Despite similar successional patterns of species diversity and structural complexity, NPPw stability increased in Cut Only stands and declined in Cut and Burn stands as age, diversity and canopy rugosity increased. The NPPw of more diverse, late successional deciduous forests was more temporally stable than that of evergreen forests. We conclude that management for maximal rates of production may not confer temporal stability, indicating future studies are needed to elucidate the stand and canopy properties that support both high production rates and stability.