Quasi-induced exposure: Methodology and insight
Quasi-induced exposure: Methodology and insight
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DOI：
10.1016/s0001-4575(96)00060-7
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Deacon, JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stamatiadis, N;Deacon, JA
尽管现在可以准确地确定事故率的分子，但这些事故率的分母在高速公路安全界是一个讨论和辩论的项目。基于两车事故的非责任人/车辆(准诱导暴露)，对诱导暴露技术进行了关键的研究。调查了一系列事故地点和时间组合的暴露差异，驳斥了单车事故驾驶员和多车事故责任人相似的假设，并使用车辆分类数据检验了非责任人作为暴露程度的衡量标准。分析结果表明：(1)不同地点和不同时间组合的事故暴露是不同的；(2)诱导暴露估计提供了对多车事故暴露的准确反映；(3)诱导暴露估计是可接受的车辆行驶里程的替代方案，当道路使用者的组合相当恒定时；以及(4)对于特定类别的道路使用者，涉及单车事故的倾向通常不同于多车事故。我们的结论是，在缺少真实暴露数据的情况下，准诱导暴露是测量驾驶员或车辆相对暴露的一种有效技术。版权所有(C)1997爱思唯尔科学有限公司。
Even though the numerator in accident rates can be accurately determined nowadays, the denominator of these rates is an item of discussion and debate within the highway safety community. A critical examination of an induced exposure technique, based on the non-responsible driver/vehicle of a two-vehicle accident (quasi-induced exposure), is presented here. Differences in exposure for a series of accident location and time combinations are investigated, the assumption of similarities between drivers of single-vehicle accidents and the responsible driver of multiple-vehicle accidents is refuted, and the use of the non-responsible driver as a measure of exposure is tested using vehicle classification data. The results of the analyses reveal the following: (1) accident exposure is different for different location and time combinations; (2) induced exposure estimates provide an accurate reflection of exposure to multiple-vehicle accidents; (3) induced exposure estimates are acceptable surrogates for vehicle miles of travel when estimates are made for conditions during which the mix of road users is fairly constant; and (4) the propensity for involvement in single-vehicle accidents is generally different than that in multiple-vehicle accidents for a given class of road users. We concluded that the quasi-induced exposure is a powerful technique for measuring relative exposure of drivers or vehicles when real exposure data are missing. Copyright (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.