Novel acidophiles isolated from moderately acidic mine drainage waters
Novel acidophiles isolated from moderately acidic mine drainage waters
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DOI：
10.1016/s0304-386x(03)00150-6
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发表时间：
2003-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Johnson, DB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hallberg, KB;Johnson, DB
对英国两个废弃矿山的排水微生物学和其中一个矿山的中试人工湿地进行了研究。两个矿山的酸性矿山排水（AMD）中的亚铁的氧化由土著微生物和氧浓度控制，并受到营养物质，特别是磷酸盐的可用性的限制。从这些样品中获得了一组在pH >3时催化亚铁氧化的分离物（“中度嗜酸菌”），这些分离物的数量超过了更熟悉的极端嗜酸铁氧化物，如氧化亚铁细杆菌和氧化亚铁硫杆菌。在饲料AMD中，中度嗜酸菌的数量超过了更熟悉的极端嗜酸性铁氧化微生物在地表水和沉积物样品的好氧湿地。新的异养微生物也分离出的湿地。基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析表明，中度嗜酸铁氧化菌与其他极端嗜酸铁氧化菌没有亲缘关系，最具优势的异养微生物包括一种新的Acidobacterium和Propionibacterium acnes。这些结果表明，以前未知的中度嗜酸性铁氧化细菌在酸性矿井排水沃茨的生物修复中的重要作用。(C)2003 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
The microbiology of water draining two abandoned mines in the UK and of a pilot-scale-constructed wetland site at one of the mine sites has been studied. The oxidation of ferrous iron in the acid mine drainage (AMD) of both mines is controlled by indigenous microbes and oxygen concentration, and is limited by the availability of nutrients, especially phosphate. A group of isolates that catalyse the oxidation of ferrous iron at pH >3 ("moderate acidophiles") were obtained from these samples, these outnumbered the more familiar extremely acidophilic iron oxidisers such as Leptospirillum ferrooxidans and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans. As in the feed AMD, moderate acidophiles outnumbered the more familiar extremely acidophilic iron-oxidising microbes in the surface water and sediment samples of the aerobic wetlands. Novel heterotrophic microorganisms were also isolated from the wetlands. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the moderately acidophilic iron oxidisers are unrelated to other more extremely acidophilic iron oxidisers, and revealed that the most dominant heterotrophic microorganisms include a novel Acidobacterium species and Propionibacterium acnes. These results suggest an important role for previously unknown moderately acidophilic iron-oxidising bacteria in the bioremediation of acidic mine drainage waters. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.