A sexually dimorphic corolla appendage affects pollen removal and floral longevity in gynodioecious Cyananthus delavayi (Campanulaceae).
A sexually dimorphic corolla appendage affects pollen removal and floral longevity in gynodioecious Cyananthus delavayi (Campanulaceae).
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0117149
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sun H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Niu Y;Zhang ZQ;Liu CQ;Li ZM;Sun H
双性花的花性状可能会随着雄性和雌性功能的选择而进化，但与这两个方面相关的选择的相对重要性尚未得到很好的解决。单性花植物的两性性状可能反映了性别特异性选择，为加深对特定花性状进化的了解提供了机会。我们研究了雌雄异株花 Cyananthus delavayi 的完美花和雌花的花性状的两性型模式。人们对一种特殊的花冠附属物——喉毛进行了实验研究，以检验其对男性和女性功能的影响。我们发现，完美的花比雌花有更大的花冠和更长的喉毛，而雌花则有更多的柱头。喉毛的存在限制了花粉采集蜜蜂在每次访问期间去除的花粉量，从而延长了花粉呈现的持续时间。花的寿命与花粉去除率呈负相关。当完美花中的花粉去除率受到限制时，雌性阶段的持续时间随着雄性阶段持续时间的增加而减少。雌花中喉毛长度与单果种子数呈弱负相关，但在完美花中这种相关性不显着。这些结果表明，喉毛可以增强男性在延长花粉呈现方面的功能。然而，就单果种子数而言，喉毛对雌性功能没有明显影响。 C. delavayi 花冠附属物的明显性别二态性很可能是通过性别特异性选择而进化和维持的。
The floral traits of bisexual flowers may evolve in response to selection on both male and female functions, but the relative importance of selection associated with each of these two aspects is poorly resolved. Sexually dimorphic traits in plants with unisexual flowers may reflect gender-specific selection, providing opportunities for gaining an increased understanding of the evolution of specific floral traits. We examined sexually dimorphic patterns of floral traits in perfect and female flowers of the gynodioecious species Cyananthus delavayi. A special corolla appendage, the throat hair, was investigated experimentally to examine its influences on male and female function. We found that perfect flowers have larger corollas and much longer throat hairs than female flowers, while female ones have much exerted stigmas. The presence of throat hairs prolonged the duration of pollen presentation by restricting the amount of pollen removed by pollen-collecting bees during each visit. Floral longevity was negatively related to the rate of pollen removal. When pollen removal rate was limited in perfect flowers, the duration of the female phases diminished with the increased male phase duration. There was a weak negative correlation between throat hair length and seed number per fruit in female flowers, but this correlation was not significant in perfect flowers. These results suggest that throat hairs may enhance male function in terms of prolonged pollen presentation. However, throat hairs have no obvious effect on female function in terms of seed number per fruit. The marked sexual dimorphism of this corolla appendage in C. delavayi is likely to have evolved and been maintained by gender-specific selection.
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影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Duffy, K. J.;Johnson, S. D.
通讯作者：
Johnson, S. D.
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Ishii, HS;Sakai, S
通讯作者：
Sakai, S
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Barrett, SCH
通讯作者：
Barrett, SCH
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Armbruster, W. Scott;Hansen, Thomas F.;Maad, Johanne
通讯作者：
Maad, Johanne
在正确的时间、正确的地点：Parnassia 通过准确地重新定位雄蕊和柱头来解决雌雄同株的困境
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Armbruster, W. Scott;Corbet, Sarah A.;Huang, Shuang-Quan
通讯作者：
Huang, Shuang-Quan