An integrated approach for prioritizing pharmaceuticals found in the environment for risk assessmerit, monitoring and advanced research
An integrated approach for prioritizing pharmaceuticals found in the environment for risk assessmerit, monitoring and advanced research
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.01.021
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发表时间：
2014-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Brooks, Bryan W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caldwell, Daniel J.;Mastrocco, Frank;Brooks, Bryan W.
由于分析技术的进步，在2006年欧盟颁布详细的环境风险评估（ERA）指南之前批准的许多活性药物成分（API）已在地表沃茨中被检测到。如果不充分了解这些原料药可能造成的潜在危害，评估其环境风险具有挑战性。由于着手进行危险特性描述和电子逆向拍卖不切实际，已公布了几种确定物质优先次序以引起进一步注意的办法。在这里，通过在最近的一次会议上给出的三个演示文稿的组合，“环境中的药物，有问题吗？“（法国尼姆，2013年6月）我们审查了其中的几种方法，确定了突出的组成部分，并提出了可用的技术和工具，这些技术和工具可以促进一种务实的，科学合理的方法来优先考虑用于高级研究或ERA的API，并在必要时，通过有针对性的智能测试填补关键数据空白。我们进一步提出了一个温和的建议，以促进未来的优先工作和先进的研究，结合哺乳动物药理学数据（例如，不良后果途径和鱼类血浆模型）和基于药物使用的模拟暴露数据。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Numerous active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), approved prior to enactment of detailed environmental risk assessment (ERA) guidance in the EU in 2006, have been detected in surface waters as a result of advancements in analytical technologies. Without adequate knowledge of the potential hazards these APIs may pose, assessing their environmental risk is challenging. As it would be impractical to commence hazard characterization and ERA en masse, several approaches to prioritizing substances for further attention have been published. Here, through the combination of three presentations given at a recent conference, "Pharmaceuticals in the Environment, Is there a problem?" (Nimes, France, June 2013) we review several of these approaches, identify salient components, and present available techniques and tools that could facilitate a pragmatic, scientifically sound approach to prioritizing APIs for advanced study or ERA and, where warranted, fill critical data gaps through targeted, intelligent testing. We further present a modest proposal to facilitate future prioritization efforts and advanced research studies that incorporates mammalian pharmacology data (e.g., adverse outcomes pathways and the fish plasma model) and modeled exposure data based on pharmaceutical use. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.