Up in the air: Barriers to greener air traffic control and infrastructure lock-in in a complex socio-technical system

Up in the air: Barriers to greener air traffic control and infrastructure lock-in in a complex socio-technical system
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悬而未决:复杂的社会技术系统中的绿色空中交通管制和基础设施锁定的障碍

DOI:
10.1016/j.erss.2014.11.006
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Spinardi G
Spinardi G
中科院分区:
经济学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Spinardi G

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空中交通管制(ATC)自动化程度的提高可以减少航空业对气候变化的影响,但很久以前预测的改善进展缓慢。这种对ATC现代化的抵制被认为是一个锁定问题,这里描述的详细案例研究可以分析减缓变化所涉及的因素。虽然“收益递增”和“网络外部性”的经典锁定效应很重要,但现代化的一个主要障碍是在一个庞大而复杂的社会技术系统中协调变革的政治和组织挑战。然而,锁定效应对于从人工ATC操作经验中获得的预期收益增加至关重要,并且难以量化自动化风险(特别是在使用复杂软件方面)是进一步改进的主要障碍。克服这一障碍,进一步自动化取决于找到方法来测试和操作新的ATC软件和程序,而不影响安全。
Greater automation of air traffic control (ATC) could reduce aviation's climate change impacts, but improvements predicted long ago have been slow to happen. This resistance to ATC modernisation is framed as an issue of lock-in, and the detailed case study described here enables an analysis of the factors involved in slowing change. Although the classic lock-in effects of ‘increasing returns’ and ‘network externalities’ are important, a major barrier to modernisation is due to the political and organisational challenges of coordinating change across a large, complex socio-technical system. However, lock-in effects are crucial with respect to the perceived increasing returns accrued from experience with manual ATC operations, and the difficulty of quantifying the risks of automation (particularly as regard the use of complex software) is a major barrier to further improvements. Overcoming this obstacle to further automation depends on finding ways to test and operate new ATC software and procedures without compromising safety.
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