Housing for an urban renaissance: Implications for social equity
Housing for an urban renaissance: Implications for social equity
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DOI：
10.1080/02673030304249
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Burton, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burton, E
目前英国的住房政策倾向于在以前开发的城市土地上进行高密度的混合用途开发。这与促进“城市复兴”的一般政策相联系，主要是因为其声称的可持续性优势。然而，迄今为止，在实践中对可持续性影响的测试很少。这对于可持续性的社会公平方面尤其如此，尽管其在这一概念中的核心地位已得到承认。本文概述了社会公平理论的发展与城市形态的关系，并在此基础上提出了实证研究，以检验所谓的“紧凑型城市”，即高密度，混合用途的城市形态的情况。这项研究涉及一系列的比较调查，据称社会公平的影响，在25个中等规模的英国城市的不同水平和类型的紧凑。研究结果表明，在某些方面和某些条件下，紧凑型城市有潜力促进社会公平。可能的好处包括减少对汽车的依赖和降低社会隔离程度，而主要问题可能是缺乏负担得起的、大小合适的住房。在重新城市化和在不受限制的土地上进行开发方面正在出现积极的效果，最支持公平的城市似乎是那些拥有大量高密度住房和大量当地提供的服务和设施的城市。
Current UK housing policy favours high-density, mixed-use development on previously developed urban land. This ties in with a general policy to promote an 'urban renaissance', largely because of its claimed advantages for sustainability. However, there has been little testing to date of sustainability impacts in practice. This is particularly true for the social equity aspect of sustainability, despite its acknowledged centrality to the concept. This paper outlines the development of a theory of social equity in relation to urban form and presents empirical research based on this to test the case of the so-called 'compact city', that is, high-density, mixed-use urban form. The research involved a comparative investigation of a range of alleged social equity impacts in 25 medium-sized English cities of differing levels and types of compactness. The findings suggest that, in certain respects and with certain qualifications, the compact city has the potential to promote social equity. Likely benefits include reduced car dependency and lower levels of social segregation, while the main problem is likely to be a lack of affordable, decent-sized homes. Positive effects are emerging in response to re-urbanisation and development on derelict land, and the cities which most support equity appear to be those that have a large proportion of high-density housing and a large quantity of locally provided services and facilities.