Tailoring nanostructured transition metal phosphides for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors
Tailoring nanostructured transition metal phosphides for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nantod.2021.101201
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发表时间：
2021-06
期刊：
影响因子：
17.4
通讯作者：
Quan Zong;Chaofeng Liu;H. Yang;Qilong Zhang;G. Cao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Quan Zong;Chaofeng Liu;H. Yang;Qilong Zhang;G. Cao
超级电容器(SC)由于其优异的功率密度和超长循环特性，作为一种极具吸引力的储能装置，受到了人们的极大关注。电极材料作为有源能源库，存储着电化学过程中的电子和/或离子，决定着器件的性能。过渡金属磷化物(TMP)作为电池型材料，以其高的电子电导率、大的理论容量和可调谐的表面性质，近年来作为高能量密度电极材料得到了广泛的研究。然而，TMPS电极材料往往存在反应动力学迟缓、体积膨胀等问题，导致其倍率性能和循环稳定性较差。本文首先阐述了TMPS电极的基本反应机理。本文综述了TMPS在化学组成、晶体结构和纳米结构方面的最新研究进展，以获得理想的和增强的混合电容器电极材料的电化学性能。我们讨论了各种具有更好的电化学性能和传输性能的TMP的设计和各种合成策略。近年来，在设计和优化各种合成工艺、控制元素掺杂、微调化学成分和纳米结构、探索复合材料等方面取得了很大的努力和进展。
Supercapacitors (SCs) have been gaining a great deal of interest as the appealing energy storage devices because of the outstanding power density and ultralong cycling features. Electrode materials as the active energy reservoir store the electrons and/or ions in the electrochemical process, determining the performance of the devices. Being the battery-type materials, transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have been studied extensively as high energy-density electrode materials in recent years, owing to their high electronic conductivities, and large theoretical capacity as well as tunable surface properties. However, TMPs electrode materials often suffer from sluggish reaction kinetics and volumetric expansion, resulting in inferior rate capability and cycling stability. In this review, basic reaction mechanisms of TMPs electrodes were first clarified. We reviewed the latest progress in tailoring the chemical composition and crystal and nanostructures of TMPs to attain desired and enhanced electrochemical properties as electrodes in hybrid capacitors. We discussed the design and various strategies for synthesis of various TMPs with improved electrochemical and transport properties. Much efforts and progresses have been made recently in designing and optimizing various synthesis processes, controlled elemental doping, fine tuning the chemical composition and nanostructures, and exploring composite materials.