Assessing efficiency and economic viability of rainwater harvesting systems for meeting non-potable water demands in four climatic zones of China
Assessing efficiency and economic viability of rainwater harvesting systems for meeting non-potable water demands in four climatic zones of China
复制标题
评估满足中国四个气候带非饮用水需求的雨水收集系统的效率和经济可行性
DOI：
10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.07.027
复制
发表时间：
2017-11-01
影响因子：
13.2
通讯作者：
Wang, Yunqi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jing, Xueer;Zhang, Shouhong;Wang, Yunqi
Rainwater harvesting is now increasingly used to manage urban flood and alleviate water scarcity crisis. In this study, a computational tool based on water balance equation is developed to assess stormwater capture and water saving efficiency and economic viability of rainwater harvesting systems (RHS) in eight cities across four climatic zones of China. It requires daily rainfall, contributing area, runoff losses, first flush volume, storage capacity, daily water demand and economic parameters as inputs. Three non-potable water demand scenarios (i.e., toilet flushing, lawn irrigation, and combination of them) are considered. The water demand for lawn irrigation is estimated using the Cropwat 8.0 and Climwat 2.0. Results indicate that higher water saving efficiency and water supply time reliability can be achieved for RHS with larger storage capacities, for lower water demand scenarios and located in more humid regions, while higher stormwater capture efficiency is associated with larger storage capacity, higher water demand scenarios and less rainfall. For instance, a 40 m(3) RHS in Shanghai (humid climate) for lawn irrigation can capture 17% of stormwater, while its water saving efficiency and time reliability can reach 96% and 98%, respectively. The water saving efficiency and time reliability of a 20 m3 RHS in Xining (semi-arid climate) for toilet flushing are 19% and 16%, respectively, but it can capture 63% of stormwater. With the current values of economic parameters, economic viability of RHS can be achieved in humid and semi-humid regions for reasonably designed RHS; however, it is not financially viable to install RHS in arid regions as the benefit-cost ratio is much smaller than 1.0.
