A New Mechanism for State Support to Technological Innovation for Industrial Development
A New Mechanism for State Support to Technological Innovation for Industrial Development
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国家支持技术创新促进产业发展新机制
DOI：
10.31767/su.2(81)2018.02.04
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
O. V. Krekhivsky
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O. Salikhova;O. V. Krekhivsky
虽然创新在乌克兰政府的战略文件中被定义为优先事项，但其2006-2016年的趋势表明，近80%的乌克兰工业企业没有创新。创新活动主要由大型企业进行，其中4-5%创造新产品或改进现有产品（工艺）。80-85%的创新是以机械形式购买（主要是进口）现成技术; 95-100%的创新费用由公司自有资金支付。这些结果证明，目前政府支持创新的制度效率低下，需要改变发展和创新的筹资办法。
本文首次提出了政府对国内工业企业实施产业创新项目的支持机制，包括项目实施的共同融资和项目实施所涉及的部分贷款利息的补偿，确定了申请人和项目合规性的标准以及项目的产业技术和金融经济专长的主要指标。
提出了为工业创新项目提供政府支持的程序，其实施将产生社会和经济影响：更高的生产本地化水平和乌克兰更多的就业机会，更高的生产附加值;刺激相关行业的发展;增加各级预算的收入;技术影响：建立科学和技术能力和技术发展，提高国内产业的竞争力，创造知识产权的对象，建立科学和生产集群;市场效应：进入外国市场、进口替代和减少对进口供应的依赖（主要来自俄罗斯联邦），中间货物供应（材料、单元、部件和组件）到最终产品制造商、投资货物供应（生产资料）对商业实体的影响，更高的利润率，更高的生产灵活性，更高的劳动生产率，更好的制成品消费质量;环境影响：节约了物质资源，降低了能源消耗，减少了生产浪费，减少了污染。
Although innovation is defined as a priority in the strategic documents of the Ukrainian government, its trends of 2006–2016 show that nearly 80% of the Ukraine’s industrial enterprises were not innovating. Innovation activities were carried out mainly by large enterprises, of which 4–5% created new products or improved existing products (processes). 80–85% of innovations were acquisitions (mainly imports) of ready technologies in form of machinery; 95–100% of the innovations costs were covered by companies’ own funds. Such results give evidence of the inefficiency of the current system of government support for innovation and the need to change approaches to financing development and innovation.
The authors are first to propose a mechanism for government support to the implementation of industrial-innovative projects at domestic industrial enterprises, which involves co-financing of project implementation and partial compensation of interest on loans involved in project implementation. The criteria for applicant and project compliance and principal indicators of the industrial-technological and financial-economic expertise of projects are determined.
The procedure for providing government support to industrial-innovative projects is proposed, which implementation will allow for social and economic effects: higher level of production localization and more jobs in Ukraine, higher added value of production; stimuli to the development of related industries; increased revenues to budgets of various levels; technological effects: building scientific and technical competencies and technology development, grown competitiveness of the domestic industry, created objects of intellectual property rights, created scientific and production clusters; market effects: access to foreign markets, import substitution and lower dependence on imported supplies (primarily from the Russian Federation), supplies of intermediate goods (materials, units, units, parts and components) to end-product manufacturer, supplies of investment goods (means of production) to business entities, higher profitability, higher flexibility of production, higher labor productivity, better consumer quality of manufactured goods; environmental effects: saved material resources, reduced energy consumption, reduced production waste, reduced pollution.