Canopy pruning as a strategy for saving water in a dry land jujube plantation in a loess hilly region of China
Canopy pruning as a strategy for saving water in a dry land jujube plantation in a loess hilly region of China
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中国黄土丘陵地区旱地枣园的树冠修剪作为节水策略
DOI：
10.1016/j.agwat.2018.12.007
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发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Liu Xiaoli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ma Lihui;Wang Xing;Gao Zhiyong;Wang Youke;Nie Zhenyi;Liu Xiaoli
目的在半干旱黄土地区人工林土壤干燥普遍存在耗水量大于降雨量的现象。枣树(Ziziphus jujubeMill.)简历自2000年以来，为了提高经济收入，种植了梨枣)种植园。为了防止土壤干旱，维持人工林的持续发展，研究了旱地枣园树冠大小、耗水量和水分利用效率之间的关系。方法以不修剪的原生红枣和矮化红枣为材料，在1~6个不同的修剪水平下进行了7个处理的试验。红枣是该地区常见的矮化树冠类型，树高为2.2 m，为1级。2-4级红枣的修剪强度增加，树高和冠幅减小。在5-4级，对红枣进行严重修剪，树高只有1.1 m，树冠大小为1.1去掉树冠，树干只剩下30~40 cm，达到6级。土壤水分用CNC100型中子管探测。利用热扩散探头对枣树全生育期的树干液流进行监测。结果在本研究期间，2014年是雨年，降雨量为460.4 mm，2015年是干旱年，降雨量仅为380.8 mm。随着修剪强度的增加，枣树的蒸腾作用和耗水量显着降低，而土壤水分含量则显着增加。与15年生土枣相比，15年生矮秆枣(1级修剪)年土壤耗水量减少6.54 mm，土壤耗水深度上移2.2 m，6级枣土壤水分恢复较快，3年后土壤水分恢复深度达4.6 m，年恢复深度为153.3 cm。与1级红枣相比，5级红枣株高减半，蒸腾强度约为22.1%，水分利用效率显著提高1.1倍，说明可通过冠层大小调节耗水量。2级红枣水分利用效率最高，具有当地最优修剪水平。结论修剪能有效降低红枣耗水量，缓解深层土壤干旱，提高红枣水分利用效率。为获得高产，应根据耗水率和平均降雨量确定修剪水平。
AimsSoil drying has occurred widely in artificial plantations in the semiarid loess region because the water consumption exceeds the rainfall. Jujube (Ziziphus jujubeMill. CV. Lizao) plantations have been planted to improve the economic income since 2000. In order to prevent soil drying and sustain artificial plantation development, we examined the relationships between the canopy size, water consumption, and water use efficiency in a dry land jujube plantation.MethodsSeven treatments were tested comprising native jujube with no pruning and dwarfing jujube under different pruning levels ranging from 1 to 6. Jujube is a popular dwarfing canopy type in this region with a tree height of 2.2 m and this comprised level 1. Jujube received increased intensities of pruning as well as decreases in tree height and canopy size for levels 2–4. Jujube received severe pruning to a tree height of only 1.1 m at level 5, and the canopy was removed with only 30–40 cm of the trunk left for level 6. Soil water was detected using CNC100 neutron tubes. A thermal diffusion probe was used to monitor the sap flow in jujube trees throughout the whole growth period.ResultsDuring our study period, 2014 was a wet year with rainfall of 460.4 mm and 2015 was a dry year with rainfall of only 380.8 mm. Transpiration and water consumption by jujube decreased significantly whereas the soil water content increased as the pruning intensity increased in these two years. Compared with 15-year-old native jujube, the annual soil water consumption by 15-year-old dwarfing jujube (pruned at level 1) was 6.54 mm less and the soil water consumption depth moved upward by 2.2 m. The soil water recovered faster for jujube at level 6 and the soil water restoration depth reached 4.6 m after 3 years, with an annual restoration depth of 153.3 cm. Compared with level 1 jujube, at level 5, the height was halved, the transpiration was about 22.1%, and the water use efficiency was significantly improved by 1.1 times, thereby demonstrating that the water consumption could be regulated by the canopy size. Level 2 jujube had the highest water use efficiency with the optimal pruning level in the local region.ConclusionsWe found that pruning could effectively decrease water consumption, relieve deep soil drying, and improve the water use efficiency in jujube. The pruning level should be determined based on the water consumption rate and average rainfall to obtain high yields.
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DOI：
10.1007/s11430-009-0087-y
发表时间：
2009-06
期刊：
Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Zhiqiang Wang;Baoyuan Liu;Gang Liu;Yong‐xiang Zhang
通讯作者：
Zhiqiang Wang;Baoyuan Liu;Gang Liu;Yong‐xiang Zhang
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
H. Maffei;G. Filip;N. Grulke;B. Oblinger;E. Margolis;K. Chadwick
通讯作者：
H. Maffei;G. Filip;N. Grulke;B. Oblinger;E. Margolis;K. Chadwick
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
Journal of Natural Resources
影响因子：
--
作者：
T. Yong
通讯作者：
T. Yong
黄土高原自然和模拟降雨条件下陡峭草地土壤水循环与水平衡特征
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Chen, Hongsong;Shao, Mingan;Li, Yuyuan
通讯作者：
Li, Yuyuan
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
Journal of Natural Resources
影响因子：
--
作者：
Wang Guo-liang
通讯作者：
Wang Guo-liang