Application of a driving simulator to the development of in-vehicle human-machine-interfaces
Application of a driving simulator to the development of in-vehicle human-machine-interfaces
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驾驶模拟器在车载人机界面开发中的应用
DOI：
10.1016/j.iatssr.2010.06.005
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
D. H. Weir
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. H. Weir
讨论了驾驶模拟器在诸如导航、信息或娱乐系统的人机界面(HMI)开发中的使用。这种使用解决了在研发和设计阶段早期研究和评估候选HMI的特性的需要，以确保它可能满足各种目标和要求，并在必要时修改HMI。这些HMI要求包括可用性、驾驶员舒适性，以及在双重任务条件下(使用HMI时驾驶)可接受的注意力需求水平。通常，这样的HMI包括向驾驶员显示信息，以及驾驶员向HMI输入的装置。讨论了相应的仿真器要求，以及典型的仿真器功能和组件。后者包括驾驶室、控制感觉系统、视觉图像生成器、实时场景控制(任务定义)、运动系统(如果提供)和数据采集。描述了固定底座系统和移动底座系统，以及相关的优点和权衡。讨论了评估实验设计中的考虑因素，包括主要任务和次要任务的定义，以及驾驶员受试者(实验参与者)的数量。记录了主要任务和次要任务的可能的响应和性能测量，以及诸如任务难度和使用HMI的易用性等主观测量。总结了使用驾驶模拟器支持研发的优势。文中还介绍了一些典型的仿真器应用实例。
The use of a driving simulator in the development of human–machine-interfaces (HMI) such as a navigation, information or entertainment system is discussed. Such use addresses the need to study and evaluate the characteristics of a candidate HMI early in the R&D and design stage to ensure that it is likely to meet various objectives and requirements, and to revise the HMI as may be necessary. Those HMI requirements include such things as usability, driver comfort, and an acceptable level of attentional demand in dual task conditions (driving while using an HMI). Typically, such an HMI involves an information display to the driver, and a means for driver input to the HMI. Corresponding simulator requirements are discussed, along with typical simulator features and components. The latter include a cab, control feel systems, visual image generator, real time scenario control (task definitions), a motion system (if provided), and data acquisition. Both fixed and moving base systems are described, together with associated benefits and tradeoffs. Considerations in the design of the evaluation experiment are discussed, including definition of primary and secondary tasks, and number of driver subjects (experimental participants). Possible response and performance measures for the primary and secondary tasks are noted, together with subjective measures such as task difficulty and ease of using the HMI. The advantages of using a driving simulator to support R&D are summarized. Some typical and example simulator uses are noted.