Inferring floor area ratio thresholds for the delineation of city centers based on cognitive perception
Inferring floor area ratio thresholds for the delineation of city centers based on cognitive perception
复制标题
DOI：
10.1177/2399808319869341
复制
发表时间：
2019-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Wurm;Jan Goebel;G. Wagner;Matthias Weigand;S. Dech;H. Taubenböck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Wurm;Jan Goebel;G. Wagner;Matthias Weigand;S. Dech;H. Taubenböck
当今城市的形态是历史城市发展和正在进行的城市转型的结果，导致了复杂的城市空间结构。虽然城市在功能和空间上被划分为城市中心、商业区、住宅区或工业区等子单元，但它们在地理空间上的精确定位有时是困难的。城市中心尤其难以把握，因为它们代表着许多不同的城市功能。一般来说，它们的特点是高密度的地区，如就业、人口或商业，但也作为高结构密度的地区。在过去的研究中，已经提出了各种方法、数据和截止值，以基于密度值的地理信息系统将城市中心与周围的过渡区分开。为了解决密度阈值难以确定的问题，本研究提出了一种将居民对城市空间结构的主观感知与容积率相结合的方法来划分城市中心，从而推断出一个特征密度阈值。在对德国67个单中心城市的大型实证研究中，我们观察到城市边缘的容积率梯度呈下降趋势。研究结果显示，城市中心的相对阈值约为“中心地带”密度的30%。
The morphology of today’s cities is the result of historic urban developments and on-going urban transformation resulting in complex urban spatial structures. While functionally as well as spatially, cities are structured into sub-units such as the city center, business districts, residential areas, or industrial and commercial zones, their precise localization in the geographic space is sometimes difficult. City centers in particular are difficult to grasp because they stand for many different urban functions. Generally, they are characterized as areas of high densities, such as employment, population, or commerce, but also as areas of high structural densities. In past studies, various approaches, data, and cut-off values have been presented to separate city centers from the surrounding transition zones in geographical information systems based on density values. To overcome the difficulty in defining the right density threshold, the current study presents an approach which integrates the subjective perception of citizens on the urban spatial structure and relates it to the floor area ratio to delineate city centers to infer a characteristic density threshold. In a large empirical study of 67 monocentric cities in Germany, we observe a decreasing floor area ratio gradient toward the urban fringes. The result of the study reveals a relative threshold for city centers at around 30% of the density of the “central place.”