Annual Nutrient Balance and Soil Chemical Properties in Heavy Multiple Cropping System in the Coastal Area of Southeast Lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China
Annual Nutrient Balance and Soil Chemical Properties in Heavy Multiple Cropping System in the Coastal Area of Southeast Lake Dianchi, Yunnan Province, China
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DOI：
10.1626/pps.18.323
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发表时间：
2015-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Y. Wang;Takashi Tanaka;H. Inoue;Kunzhi Li;Dan Yang;Tastuya Inamura
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Wang;Takashi Tanaka;H. Inoue;Kunzhi Li;Dan Yang;Tastuya Inamura
自20世纪80年代以来，中国农民为了保证高产，加大了种植强度，大量投入化肥和畜禽粪便，导致农业生产力和环境质量不可持续。本研究旨在评价集约种植对滇池沿岸作物养分吸收和生物量生产的影响，并确定土壤残留养分的可控来源，中国。对32块菜地和4块水田的土壤和作物进行采样，同时进行调查。菜地种植强度极高，各作物投入极高，有58%、72%和20%的氮、磷、钾没有被作物吸收。蔬菜的氮素吸收率较低。种植年限为3~9年的蔬菜对土壤、粪便、灌溉水等非化肥来源的氮素吸收量高于种植年限为0~2年的田块。减少投入要比增加产出更有效地降低土壤氮、磷、钾；减少化肥投入应该比减少有机肥投入更有效。这些结果将有助于减少中国的农业污染。
Abstract To ensure higher yields, farmers in China have increased cropping intensity with a large input of chemical fertilizer and livestock manure since 1980s, which has led to unsustainable agricultural productivity and environmental quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of intensive cropping on nutrient absorption and biomass production of crops and to determine the controllable source of residual nutrients in soil in the coastal area of Lake Dianchi, China. Soil and crops were sampled in 32 vegetable fields and four paddy fields; and simultaneously surveyed. In vegetable fields, cropping intensity and input to each crop were extremely high; and, 58, 72, and 20% of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were not absorbed by the crop. Nitrogen absorption ratios of the vegetables were low. The amount of nitrogen absorbed from sources other than chemical fertilizer by vegetables, namely, from soil, manure, or irrigation water, in the fields with three to nine years cultivation duration was higher than those with zero to two years cultivation duration. Reduction of input should be more efficient than enhancing output to decrease soil nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; and, reducing input of chemical fertilizer should be more efficient than reducing input of manure. These results should be helpful for reducing agricultural pollution in China.