The Depopulation of Sand Canyon Pueblo, A Large Ancestral Pueblo Village in Southwestern Colorado
The Depopulation of Sand Canyon Pueblo, A Large Ancestral Pueblo Village in Southwestern Colorado
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科罗拉多州西南部普韦布洛大型祖先村庄沙峡谷普韦布洛的人口减少
DOI：
10.7183/0002-7316.75.3.497
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kristin A. Kuckelman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kristin A. Kuckelman
美国西南部梅萨维德地区的考古学家长期以来一直在寻找普韦布洛农民在13世纪晚期完全灭绝该地区的催化剂。乌鸦峡谷考古中心在沙峡谷普韦布洛进行了十年的挖掘，这是一个大约在公元1250年至1280年被占领的大村庄，产生了大量关于村庄人口减少的数据，并对这一有趣的区域移民的原因提出了新的见解。对贝冢与废弃物组合的动物群和古植物学遗骸进行比较分析，揭示了从农业到狩猎和采集的转变，这与公元1276年大干旱的发生相吻合。对在遗弃环境中发现的遗骸进行的骨骼学和埋藏学分析揭示了一次袭击的细节，在这次袭击中，许多居民被杀害，结束了对村庄的占领。这些来自沙峡谷普韦布洛的发现表明，气候引起的食物紧张和随之而来的暴力冲突导致了公元13世纪晚期梅萨维德地区的人口减少。
Archaeologists in the Mesa Verde region of the American Southwest have long sought the catalysts of the complete depopulation of the region by Pueblo farmers in the late thirteenth century. Ten years of excavations by the Crow Canyon Archaeological Center at Sand Canyon Pueblo, a large village that was occupied from approximately A.D. 1250 to 1280, yielded abundant data regarding the depopulation of the village and shed new light on causes of this intriguing regional emigration. Comparative analyses of faunal and archaeobotanical remains from middens vs. abandonment assemblages reveal a shift from farming to hunting and gathering that coincided with the onset of the Great Drought about A.D. 1276. Osteological and taphonomic analyses of human remains found in abandonment contexts reveal details of an attack during which many residents were killed and that ended the occupation of the village. These findings from Sand Canyon Pueblo suggest that climate-induced food stress and consequent violent conflict contributed to the depopulation of the Mesa Verde region in the late A.D. 1200s.