Contemporaneous radiations of fungi and plants linked to symbiosis
Contemporaneous radiations of fungi and plants linked to symbiosis
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DOI：
10.1038/s41467-018-07849-9
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发表时间：
2018-12-21
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Magallon, Susana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lutzoni, Francois;Nowak, Michael D.;Magallon, Susana
真菌和植物之间的相互作用，包括寄生，互利共生和腐养，已被援引为各自的宏观进化成功的关键。在这里，我们评估的起源植物真菌共生和腐生性使用时间校准的系统发育框架，揭示了每个王国的多样化率的联系和剧烈的变化。土地的真菌定殖与至少两个起源的陆地绿色藻类和之前的胚胎植物（如真菌鞭毛的损失，约。720马），可能促进terrestriality通过内生菌根和可能的内生共生。真菌（Leotiomyceta）的最大辐射，丛枝菌根的起源，以及现存胚状体的多样化发生在大约1990年。480 Ma。其次是现存地衣的起源。腐殖菌在晚古生代多样化，种子植物的森林开始主导景观。随后的多样性和爆发性辐射的伞菌，并最终外生菌根蘑菇，与松科在中生代的进化，并建立被子植物占主导地位的生物群系在白垩纪。
Interactions between fungi and plants, including parasitism, mutualism, and saprotrophy, have been invoked as key to their respective macroevolutionary success. Here we evaluate the origins of plant-fungal symbioses and saprotrophy using a time-calibrated phylogenetic framework that reveals linked and drastic shifts in diversification rates of each kingdom. Fungal colonization of land was associated with at least two origins of terrestrial green algae and preceded embryophytes (as evidenced by losses of fungal flagellum, ca. 720 Ma), likely facilitating terrestriality through endomycorrhizal and possibly endophytic symbioses. The largest radiation of fungi (Leotiomyceta), the origin of arbuscular mycorrhizae, and the diversification of extant embryophytes occurred ca. 480 Ma. This was followed by the origin of extant lichens. Saprotrophic mushrooms diversified in the Late Paleozoic as forests of seed plants started to dominate the landscape. The subsequent diversification and explosive radiation of Agaricomycetes, and eventually of ectomycorrhizal mushrooms, were associated with the evolution of Pinaceae in the Mesozoic, and establishment of angiosperm-dominated biomes in the Cretaceous.