Simultaneous analysis of zolpidem, four hydroxyzolpidems, and two zolpidem carboxylic acids in postmortem urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Simultaneous analysis of zolpidem, four hydroxyzolpidems, and two zolpidem carboxylic acids in postmortem urine using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
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使用液相色谱-串联质谱法同时分析死后尿液中的唑吡坦、四种羟基唑吡坦和两种唑吡坦羧酸。
DOI：
10.1093/jat/bkac009
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Yoshimasa Kanawaku
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koji Yamaguchi;Youkichi Ohno;Yoshimasa Kanawaku
唑吡坦 (ZOL) 是一种短效催眠药，有时用于性侵犯、抢劫和凶杀等毒品犯罪。因此，了解 ZOL 的代谢非常重要。本研究使用液体定量死后尿液中的 ZOL 及其代谢物，包括两种羧酸（唑吡坦苯基-4-羧酸 [M1] 和 6-羧酸 [M2]）和四种羟基唑吡坦（4-（羟甲基）苯基唑吡坦 [M3]、6-羟甲基唑吡坦 [M4]、7-羟基唑吡坦 [7OH] 和 8-羟基唑吡坦 [8OH]）色谱法——三重四极杆质谱法。在所有情况下，M1 的浓度最高，其次是 6 个样品中的 5 个样品中的总 7OH。 M2和总M4的浓度相对较高。大部分 M4 和 8OH 以缀合物形式排出，而高达 55% 的 7OH 以游离形式排出。在所有尿样中还检测到了对应于唑吡坦二氢二醇(ZHDH)、二氢(羟基)唑吡坦半胱氨酸加合物(DHZCys)和唑吡坦半胱氨酸加合物(ZCys)的峰。 ZDHD 以缀合物形式排泄，而几乎所有 DHZCys 和 ZCys 均呈游离形式。
Zolpidem (ZOL) is a short-acting hypnotic that is sometimes used in drug-facilitated crimes such as sexual assaults, robbery and homicides. Therefore, it is important to understand the metabolism of ZOL. This study quantified ZOL and its metabolites, including two carboxylic acids (zolpidem phenyl-4-carboxylic acid [M1] and 6-carboxylic acid [M2]) and four hydroxyzolpidems (4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl zolpidem [M3], 6-hydroxymethyl zolpidem [M4], 7-hydroxyzolpidem [7OH] and 8-hydroxyzolpidem [8OH]) in postmortem urine using liquid chromatography--triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The concentration of M1 was highest in all cases, followed by total 7OH in five of six samples. The concentrations of M2 and total M4 were relatively high. Most of M4 and 8OH were excreted as conjugates, whereas up to 55% of 7OH was excreted in its free form. Peaks corresponding to zolpidem dihydrodiol (ZHDH), dihydro(hydroxy)zolpidem cysteine adduct (DHZCys) and zolpidem cysteine adduct (ZCys) were also detected in all the urine samples. ZDHD was excreted as conjugates, whereas almost all DHZCys and ZCys were in their free form.