Major element compositions of fluid inclusions from hydrothermal vein-type deposits record eroded sedimentary units in the Schwarzwald district, SW Germany

Major element compositions of fluid inclusions from hydrothermal vein-type deposits record eroded sedimentary units in the Schwarzwald district, SW Germany
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德国西南部黑森林地区热液脉型沉积物记录侵蚀沉积单元的流体包裹体的主要元素组成

DOI:
10.1007/s00126-017-0719-7
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Burisch
Burisch
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Walter;Burisch

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沉积地层流体与基底卤水的混合是热液脉形成的重要机制。我们重点关注成矿过程中沉积物衍生的流体成分的来源,并对黑森林矿区(德国西南部)的 84 条侏罗纪热液脉进行了全面的流体包裹体研究。我们的数据来自约 2300 个流体包裹体,揭示了黑森林北部、中部和南部之间平均流体成分的差异。来自黑森林北部和南部的流体的特点是高盐度 (18–26 wt% NaCl+CaCl2)、低 Ca/(Ca+Na) 摩尔比 (0.1–0.4) 和可变的 Cl/Br 质量比 (30–1140)。相比之下,来自黑森林中部的流体显示出更高的盐度(23–27 wt% NaCl+CaCl2)、更高的 Ca/(Ca+Na) 摩尔比 (0.2–0.9) 以及变化较小的 Cl/Br 质量比 (40–130)。这些流体成分与现在被侵蚀的沉积盖岩的性质和厚度相关。与黑森林北部和南部在中三叠世发生石盐沉淀相比,此时黑森林中部沉积盆地相对较浅,没有石盐沉淀。因此,来自黑森林中部的流体的 Cl/Br 比值没有提供沉积盐水与石盐发生反应的证据,而来自黑森林北部和南部的流体则提供了证据。相反,较高的 Ca/(Ca+Na)、较高的 SO4 含量和相对较低的 Cl/Br 表明黑森林中部矿脉形成过程中存在石膏溶解卤水,这与重建的区域三叠纪地质相符。因此,结晶基底热液脉的流体包裹体中所保存的信息具有重建前覆盖层沉积岩的潜力。
Mixing of sedimentary formation fluids with basement-derived brines is an important mechanism for the formation of hydrothermal veins. We focus on the sources of the sediment-derived fluid component in ore-forming processes and present a comprehensive fluid inclusion study on 84 Jurassic hydrothermal veins from the Schwarzwald mining district (SW Germany). Our data derive from about 2300 fluid inclusions and reveal differences in the average fluid composition between the northern, central, and southern Schwarzwald. Fluids from the northern and southern Schwarzwald are characterised by high salinities (18–26 wt% NaCl+CaCl2), low Ca/(Ca+Na) mole ratios (0.1–0.4), and variable Cl/Br mass ratios (30–1140). In contrast, fluids from the central Schwarzwald show even higher salinities (23–27 wt% NaCl+CaCl2), higher Ca/(Ca+Na) mole ratios (0.2–0.9), and less variable Cl/Br mass ratios (40–130). These fluid compositions correlate with the nature and thickness of the now eroded sedimentary cover rocks. Compared to the northern and the southern Schwarzwald, where halite precipitation occurred during the Middle Triassic, the sedimentary basin in the central Schwarzwald was relatively shallow at this time and no halite was precipitated. Accordingly, Cl/Br ratios of fluids from the central Schwarzwald provide no evidence for the reaction of a sedimentary brine with halite, whereas those from the northern and southern Schwarzwald do. Instead, elevated Ca/(Ca+Na), high SO4contents, and relatively low Cl/Br imply the presence of a gypsum dissolution brine during vein formation in the central Schwarzwald which agrees with the reconstructed regional Triassic geology. Hence, the information archived in fluid inclusions from hydrothermal veins in the crystalline basement has the potential for reconstructing sedimentary rocks in the former overburden.
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